Foundations of Instructional Design Q&A
Gain attention of the students - CORRECT ANSWER-The first of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction:
Ensure the learners are ready to learn and participate in activities by presenting a
stimulus to gain their attention.
Methods for gaining learners' attention include:
— Stimulate students with novelty, uncertainty and surprise
— Pose thought-provoking questions to the students
— Have students pose questions to be answered by other students
Inform students of the objectives - CORRECT ANSWER-The second of Gagné's
Nine Events of Instruction:
Inform students of the objectives or outcomes to help them understand what they
are to learn during the course. Provide objectives before instruction begins.
Methods for stating the outcomes include:
— Describe required performance
— Describe criteria for standard performance
— Learner establishes criteria for standard performance
Stimulate recall of prior learning - CORRECT ANSWER-The third of Gagné's
Nine Events of Instruction: Help students make sense of new information by
relating it to something they
already know or something they have already experienced.
Methods for stimulating recall include:
— Ask questions about previous experiences
— Ask students about their understanding of previous concepts
Present the content - CORRECT ANSWER-The fourth of Gagné's Nine Events of
Instruction: Use strategies to present and cue lesson content to provide more
effective,
efficient instruction. Organize and chunk content in a meaningful way. Provide
explanations after demonstrations.
, Ways to present and cue lesson content include:
— Present vocabulary
— Provide examples
— Present multiple versions of the same content, e.g., video,
demonstration, lecture, podcast, group work
— Use a variety of media to address different learning preferences
Provide learning guidance - CORRECT ANSWER-The fifth of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction: Advise students of strategies to aid them in learning
content and of resources
available.
Methods to provide learning guidance include:
— Provide instructional support as needed - as scaffolds (cues, hints,
prompts) which can be removed after the student learns the task or
content
— Model varied learning strategies - mnemonics, concept mapping, role
playing, visualizing
— Use examples and non-examples - in addition to providing examples,
use non-examples to help students see what not to do or the opposite of
examples
— Provide case studies, analogies, visual images and metaphors - case
studies for real world application, analogies for knowledge construction,
visual images to make visual associations, metaphors to support learning
Elicit performance (practice) - CORRECT ANSWER-The sixth of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction: Activate student processing to help them internalize new
skills and knowledge and
to confirm correct understanding of these concepts.
Ways to activate learner processing include:
— Elicit student activities - ask deep-learning questions, make reference
to what students already know or have students collaborate with their
peers
— Elicit recall strategies - ask students to recite, revisit, or reiterate
information they have learned
Gain attention of the students - CORRECT ANSWER-The first of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction:
Ensure the learners are ready to learn and participate in activities by presenting a
stimulus to gain their attention.
Methods for gaining learners' attention include:
— Stimulate students with novelty, uncertainty and surprise
— Pose thought-provoking questions to the students
— Have students pose questions to be answered by other students
Inform students of the objectives - CORRECT ANSWER-The second of Gagné's
Nine Events of Instruction:
Inform students of the objectives or outcomes to help them understand what they
are to learn during the course. Provide objectives before instruction begins.
Methods for stating the outcomes include:
— Describe required performance
— Describe criteria for standard performance
— Learner establishes criteria for standard performance
Stimulate recall of prior learning - CORRECT ANSWER-The third of Gagné's
Nine Events of Instruction: Help students make sense of new information by
relating it to something they
already know or something they have already experienced.
Methods for stimulating recall include:
— Ask questions about previous experiences
— Ask students about their understanding of previous concepts
Present the content - CORRECT ANSWER-The fourth of Gagné's Nine Events of
Instruction: Use strategies to present and cue lesson content to provide more
effective,
efficient instruction. Organize and chunk content in a meaningful way. Provide
explanations after demonstrations.
, Ways to present and cue lesson content include:
— Present vocabulary
— Provide examples
— Present multiple versions of the same content, e.g., video,
demonstration, lecture, podcast, group work
— Use a variety of media to address different learning preferences
Provide learning guidance - CORRECT ANSWER-The fifth of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction: Advise students of strategies to aid them in learning
content and of resources
available.
Methods to provide learning guidance include:
— Provide instructional support as needed - as scaffolds (cues, hints,
prompts) which can be removed after the student learns the task or
content
— Model varied learning strategies - mnemonics, concept mapping, role
playing, visualizing
— Use examples and non-examples - in addition to providing examples,
use non-examples to help students see what not to do or the opposite of
examples
— Provide case studies, analogies, visual images and metaphors - case
studies for real world application, analogies for knowledge construction,
visual images to make visual associations, metaphors to support learning
Elicit performance (practice) - CORRECT ANSWER-The sixth of Gagné's Nine
Events of Instruction: Activate student processing to help them internalize new
skills and knowledge and
to confirm correct understanding of these concepts.
Ways to activate learner processing include:
— Elicit student activities - ask deep-learning questions, make reference
to what students already know or have students collaborate with their
peers
— Elicit recall strategies - ask students to recite, revisit, or reiterate
information they have learned
