Communications law Exam #4
(Ch.10,11,12,13)
electronic media - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to broadcast and newer forms of
media that utilize electronic technology or the digital encoding of information to
distribute news and entertainment. Even though many newspapers are now
distributed via the Internet, they are not considered _____ because historically
they have been distributed in printed form.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - CORRECT ANSWER-An
independent U.S. government agency, directly responsible to Congress, charged
with regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television,
wire, satellite and cable. The Communications Act of 1934 established the
_____; its jurisdiction covers the 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S.
possessions.
Federal Radio Commission (FRC) - CORRECT ANSWER-A federal agency
established by the Federal Radio Act in 1927 to oversee radio broadcasting. The
Federal Communications Commission succeeded the ___ in 1934
notice of proposed rulemaking - CORRECT ANSWER-A notice issued by the
FCC announcing that the commission is considering changing certain of its
regulations or adopting new rules.
Broadcasting - CORRECT ANSWER-Defined by the Communications Act of
1934 as use of the electromagnetic spectrum to send signals to many listeners
and viewers simultaneously.
spectrum scarcity - CORRECT ANSWER-The limitation that arises because only
a certain number of broadcast radio and television stations in a geographical
area may use the spectrum without causing interference. ____ is the primary
reason courts allow Congress and the Federal Communications Commission to
regulate broadcasters.
,lowest unit rate - CORRECT ANSWER-The maximum rate a broadcaster or
cable system may charge a politician for advertising time during the 45 days
before primary elections and the 60 days before general elections.
Zapple rule - CORRECT ANSWER-A political broadcasting rule that allows a
candidate's supporters equal opportunity to use broadcast stations if the
candidate's opponents' supporters use the stations.
retransmission consent - CORRECT ANSWER-Part of the federal cable
television law allowing broadcast television stations to negotiate.
PEG access channels - CORRECT ANSWER-Channels that cable systems set
aside for public, educational and government use.
nonduplication rules - CORRECT ANSWER-FCC regulations requiring cable
systems not to carry certain programming that is available through local
broadcast stations.
net neutrality - CORRECT ANSWER-The principle that holds that ISPs cannot
charge content providers to speed up the delivery of their goods—all Internet
traffic is treated equally.
Pornography - CORRECT ANSWER-A vague—not legally precise—term for
sexually oriented material.
Indecency - CORRECT ANSWER-A narrow legal term referring to sexual
expression and expletives inappropriate for children on broadcast radio and
television.
Obscenity - CORRECT ANSWER-The dictionary defines it as relating to sex in
an indecent, very offensive or shocking way. The legal definition of _____ comes
from Miller v. California—material is determined to be obscene if it passes the
Miller test.
Hicklin rule - CORRECT ANSWER-A rule taken from a mid-19th-century English
case and used in the United States until the mid-20th century that defines
material as obscene if it tends to corrupt children.
, prurient interest - CORRECT ANSWER-Lustful thoughts or sexual desires.
patently offensive - CORRECT ANSWER-Term describing material with
hard-core sexual conduct.
serious social value - CORRECT ANSWER-Material cannot be found obscene if
it has serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value determined using
national, not local, standards.
variable obscenity - CORRECT ANSWER-The concept that sexually oriented
material would not meet the definition of obscenity if distributed to adults but
would be found obscene if distributed to minors.
child pornography - CORRECT ANSWER-Any image showing children in sexual
or sexually explicit situations.
safe harbor policy - CORRECT ANSWER-A Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) policy designating 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. as a time when
broadcast radio and television stations may air indecent material without violating
federal law or FCC regulations.
intellectual property law - CORRECT ANSWER-The legal category including
copyright, trademark and patent law.
Copyright - CORRECT ANSWER-An exclusive legal right used to protect
intellectual creations from unauthorized use.
Statute of Anne - CORRECT ANSWER-The first copyright law, adopted in
England in 1710, protected authors' works if they registered them with the
government.
Berne Convention - CORRECT ANSWER-The primary international copyright
treaty adopted by many countries in 1886 and by the United States in 1988.
Plagiarism - CORRECT ANSWER-Using another's work or ideas without
attribution.
(Ch.10,11,12,13)
electronic media - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to broadcast and newer forms of
media that utilize electronic technology or the digital encoding of information to
distribute news and entertainment. Even though many newspapers are now
distributed via the Internet, they are not considered _____ because historically
they have been distributed in printed form.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - CORRECT ANSWER-An
independent U.S. government agency, directly responsible to Congress, charged
with regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television,
wire, satellite and cable. The Communications Act of 1934 established the
_____; its jurisdiction covers the 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S.
possessions.
Federal Radio Commission (FRC) - CORRECT ANSWER-A federal agency
established by the Federal Radio Act in 1927 to oversee radio broadcasting. The
Federal Communications Commission succeeded the ___ in 1934
notice of proposed rulemaking - CORRECT ANSWER-A notice issued by the
FCC announcing that the commission is considering changing certain of its
regulations or adopting new rules.
Broadcasting - CORRECT ANSWER-Defined by the Communications Act of
1934 as use of the electromagnetic spectrum to send signals to many listeners
and viewers simultaneously.
spectrum scarcity - CORRECT ANSWER-The limitation that arises because only
a certain number of broadcast radio and television stations in a geographical
area may use the spectrum without causing interference. ____ is the primary
reason courts allow Congress and the Federal Communications Commission to
regulate broadcasters.
,lowest unit rate - CORRECT ANSWER-The maximum rate a broadcaster or
cable system may charge a politician for advertising time during the 45 days
before primary elections and the 60 days before general elections.
Zapple rule - CORRECT ANSWER-A political broadcasting rule that allows a
candidate's supporters equal opportunity to use broadcast stations if the
candidate's opponents' supporters use the stations.
retransmission consent - CORRECT ANSWER-Part of the federal cable
television law allowing broadcast television stations to negotiate.
PEG access channels - CORRECT ANSWER-Channels that cable systems set
aside for public, educational and government use.
nonduplication rules - CORRECT ANSWER-FCC regulations requiring cable
systems not to carry certain programming that is available through local
broadcast stations.
net neutrality - CORRECT ANSWER-The principle that holds that ISPs cannot
charge content providers to speed up the delivery of their goods—all Internet
traffic is treated equally.
Pornography - CORRECT ANSWER-A vague—not legally precise—term for
sexually oriented material.
Indecency - CORRECT ANSWER-A narrow legal term referring to sexual
expression and expletives inappropriate for children on broadcast radio and
television.
Obscenity - CORRECT ANSWER-The dictionary defines it as relating to sex in
an indecent, very offensive or shocking way. The legal definition of _____ comes
from Miller v. California—material is determined to be obscene if it passes the
Miller test.
Hicklin rule - CORRECT ANSWER-A rule taken from a mid-19th-century English
case and used in the United States until the mid-20th century that defines
material as obscene if it tends to corrupt children.
, prurient interest - CORRECT ANSWER-Lustful thoughts or sexual desires.
patently offensive - CORRECT ANSWER-Term describing material with
hard-core sexual conduct.
serious social value - CORRECT ANSWER-Material cannot be found obscene if
it has serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value determined using
national, not local, standards.
variable obscenity - CORRECT ANSWER-The concept that sexually oriented
material would not meet the definition of obscenity if distributed to adults but
would be found obscene if distributed to minors.
child pornography - CORRECT ANSWER-Any image showing children in sexual
or sexually explicit situations.
safe harbor policy - CORRECT ANSWER-A Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) policy designating 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. as a time when
broadcast radio and television stations may air indecent material without violating
federal law or FCC regulations.
intellectual property law - CORRECT ANSWER-The legal category including
copyright, trademark and patent law.
Copyright - CORRECT ANSWER-An exclusive legal right used to protect
intellectual creations from unauthorized use.
Statute of Anne - CORRECT ANSWER-The first copyright law, adopted in
England in 1710, protected authors' works if they registered them with the
government.
Berne Convention - CORRECT ANSWER-The primary international copyright
treaty adopted by many countries in 1886 and by the United States in 1988.
Plagiarism - CORRECT ANSWER-Using another's work or ideas without
attribution.
