ANSC 333 exam 2
female hypothalamus consists of? - ANS-Tonic and surge center
male hypothalamus consists of? - ANS-Tonic center only
How is the male and female hypothalamus different? Explain each in depth -
ANS-During fetal development, organs are differentiating. As the female fetus creates
an ovary, estrogen is being produced and binds Alpha fetoprotein, and estrogen can no
longer cross the blood brain barrier.
For males, the testes are creating testosterone, which doesn't bind to Alpha fetoprotein
and is able to go into the brain, then is converted into estradiol by aromatase. This
causes only the tonic center to develop
Estradiol/estrogen is bound by? - ANS-Alpha fetoprotein
Can estrogen enter the brain? If so how? If not, why? - ANS-No it can't because of the
blood brain barrier
What happens when estradiol can't enter the brain? - ANS-The surge center is
developed
What organ creates testosterone? - ANS-Testes
Does testosterone bind to alpha fetoprotein - ANS-No
Can testosterone go through the blood brain barrier? If so, how? If not, why? - ANS-Yes
it can because it doesn't bind to Alpha fetoprotein
What is testosterone converted into once in the brain? What converts it into this? -
ANS-Estradiol, aromatase
What happens when estradiol is in the brain? - ANS-Prevents the development of the
surge center
What does the hypothalamus produce? - ANS-GnRH—
What is used to measure GnRH indirectly? - ANS-LH and FSH are used as a proxy for
measurement of GnRH
female hypothalamus consists of? - ANS-Tonic and surge center
male hypothalamus consists of? - ANS-Tonic center only
How is the male and female hypothalamus different? Explain each in depth -
ANS-During fetal development, organs are differentiating. As the female fetus creates
an ovary, estrogen is being produced and binds Alpha fetoprotein, and estrogen can no
longer cross the blood brain barrier.
For males, the testes are creating testosterone, which doesn't bind to Alpha fetoprotein
and is able to go into the brain, then is converted into estradiol by aromatase. This
causes only the tonic center to develop
Estradiol/estrogen is bound by? - ANS-Alpha fetoprotein
Can estrogen enter the brain? If so how? If not, why? - ANS-No it can't because of the
blood brain barrier
What happens when estradiol can't enter the brain? - ANS-The surge center is
developed
What organ creates testosterone? - ANS-Testes
Does testosterone bind to alpha fetoprotein - ANS-No
Can testosterone go through the blood brain barrier? If so, how? If not, why? - ANS-Yes
it can because it doesn't bind to Alpha fetoprotein
What is testosterone converted into once in the brain? What converts it into this? -
ANS-Estradiol, aromatase
What happens when estradiol is in the brain? - ANS-Prevents the development of the
surge center
What does the hypothalamus produce? - ANS-GnRH—
What is used to measure GnRH indirectly? - ANS-LH and FSH are used as a proxy for
measurement of GnRH