Exam 4 NSG 2400 Practice Questions with Answers

Paralytic (adynamic) ileus lack of intestinal peristalsis and bowel sounds Pneumothorax collapsed lung Cryotherapy therapeutic use of cold Retinopathy of Prematurity Condition in which damage to blood vessels may cause decreased vision or blindness. Short Bowel Syndrome (short gut) -Small bowel fails to absorb nutrients because of inadequate absorptive surface -S&S- malnutrition; diarrhea; abnormal stools; brittle nails and hair ~Length of intact or functioning small bowel is altered significantly by disease or surgery; Chron's diesease; intestinal farction; volvulus; tumor resection Necrotizing Enterocolitis Necrosis of intestinal mucosa and possible perforation. Colon is usually involved, but can involve entire GI tract. In neonates, more common in premies (decreased immunity) Incubator an enclosed apparatus providing a controlled environment for the care and protection of premature or unusually small babies. Chest Physiotherapy a variety of techniques used to eliminate secretions, re-expand lung tissue, and promote efficient use of respiratory muscles Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia chronic lung condition that affect newborns on vents or preemies, had RDS, lung immaturity, severe resp/lung infections. Vent presses and damages epithelium, alveolar walls become fibrotic, lungs develop atelectasis and collapse. s/s: tachycardia, tachypnea, increased work of breathing (retractions/nasal flaring) pallor, cyanosis, restlessness. Rx: O2, diuretics, bronchodilators, anti-inflammatories, increase cal formulas and hydration. Nursing: rest periods, monitor fluid overload, pulm edema, frequent resp assessment Exocrine Gland Dysfunction cystic fibrosis is known to be this kind of disorder Neutral Thermal Environment Environment in which body temperature is maintained without an increase in metabolic rate or oxygen use. Surfactant a substance that tends to reduce the surface tension of a liquid in which it is dissolved. Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Preterm Infants Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is more common in premature infants born six weeks or more before their due dates. It usually develops within the first 24 hours after birth. Symptoms include rapid, shallow breathing and a sharp pulling in of the chest below and between the ribs with each breath. Treatment includes medication to keep the lungs open, breathing support, and oxygen therapy.