Chapter 1 What Is Nutrition Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024

nutrients Compounds in foods that sustain your body processes. There are six classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats (lipids), proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. kilocalories the measurement of energy in foods. Commonly referred to as calories. metabolism The numerous reactions that occur within the cell. The calories in foods are converted to energy in the cells of the body. phytochemicals nonnutritive compounds in plant foods that may play a role in fighting chronic diseases macronutrients the energy containing essential nutrients that you need in a higher amounts: carbohydrates, lipids (fats), and proteins. micronutrients essential nutrients that you need in smaller amounts: vitamins and minerals organic containing carbon enzymes substances that speed up reactions in your body inorganic not containing carbon. Inorganic compounds include minerals, water, and salts fiber the portion of plant foods that isn't digested in the small intestine overweight carrying extra weight on your body in relation to your height obesity carrying an excessive amount of body fat above the level of being overweight healthy people 2020 A set of disease prevention and health promotion objectives for Americans to meet during the second decade of the new millennium consensus the opinion of a group of experts based on a collection of information scientific method a stepwise process used by scientists to generate sound research findings hypothesis an idea generated by scientists based on their observations peer-reviewed journal a research journal in which fellow scientists (peers) review studies to asses if they are accurate and sound before they are published laboratory experiment A scientific experiment conducted in a laboratory. Some laboratory experiments involve animals observational research Research that involves looking at factors in two or more groups of subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain outcomes epidemiological research Research that looks at populations of people; it is often observational experimental research Research involving at least two groups of subjects experimental group The group given a specific treatment control group The group given a placebo placebo A sugar pill that has no impact on the individual's health when ingested double-blind placebo-controlled study When the scientists and subjects in a research experiment can't distinguish between the treatments given to the subjects and don't know which group of subjects received which treatment registered dietitian (RD) A health professional who has completed at least a bachelor's degree in nutrition from an accredited university of college in the United States, completed a supervised practice, and passed an exam administered by the American Dietetic Association (ADA). medical nutrition therapy The integration of nutrition counseling and dietary changes based on an individual's medical and health needs to treat a patient's medical condition public health nutritionist An individual who may have an undergraduate degree in nutrition but isn't an RD liscensed dietitian (LD) An individual who has met specified educational and experience criteria deemed necessary by a state licensing board to be considered an expert in the field of nutrition. An RD would meet all of the qualifications to be an LD. nutritionist A generic term with no recognized legal or professional meaning. Some people may call themselves nutritionists without having any credible training in nutrition. quackery The promotion and selling of health products and services of questionable validity. A quack is a person who promotes these products and services in order to make money. balance The dietary characteristic of providing foods of a number of types in proportion to each other. Basic foods These are foods and beverages that have had little to no processing occur prior to being purchase by the consumer. Examples- whole grain products, fresh fruits and vegetables, milk and milk products. Often called whole foods or basic whole foods Calorie (or Energy) Density Consuming few or reasonable amounts of nutrients/ nonnutrients for lots of calories. comfort foods These are foods that a person might eat or drink when they are ill or distressed. Cuisine This refers to a wide range of cooking sty