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Summary intellectual property notes

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these notes have all been produces for the new set of exam series beginning in the summer of 2018 and are based on the Edexcel exam board.

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Intellectual property

- A possible source of tension is over intellectual property rights.
- A global system of IP has been run since 1967 by the world intellectual property organisaton
in this part of the UN.
- It ensures TNC’s, individuals and governmental agencies can protect ne inventons,
trademarks, artstc works and trade secrets from use by others.

Trade related aspects of protecton

What is counterfeitng and why is it growing?

Counterfeitng is imitate fraudulently or the copy of another person’s brand design. It is growing
because the demand in Eastern countries for the western brands has increased and therefore the
eastern countries are producing copies to sell in their home countries as it is a guaranteed income.

Who’s involved in it?

Counterfeitng is commonly found to be popular in LECC countries as they know that there is a
market for high end brands that they can copy and produce for a large income and so it is usually run
by small independent companies or people running market stalls. Sometmes it can be an
internatonal operaton with the products being sold through websites such as ebay and amazon
where they can be shipped world-wide. The countries most commonly involved based on the
confiscated items from customs include: China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines,
Thailand, the UAE, Russia, India, Turkey, Morocco, Pakistan and Egypt.

Explain what players are afected negatvely and how?

Times of global recession can tempt companies to cut costs by using fake goods as part of their
supply chain and this, in turn, harms legitmate businesses, raising unemployment levels. It is
estmated that over 2.5 million oobs in developed countries have been lost to counterfeitng around
the world. The ant-counterfeitng trade agreement was signed by the US and the EU however, china
did not and therefore, US companies such as Tifany and Gucci have filed law suits against prominent
Chinese banks that are regarded as ‘safe havens’ for counterfeiters. However, as china develops, it is
encouraging its companies to become more innovatve, and is startng to take copyright and
intellectual property law more seriously.

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