TEST BANK FOR
Principles of Human Physiology
6th Edition by Stanfield
Chapters 1 - 24
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology 2
Chapter 2 The Cell - Structure and Function 34
Chapter 3 Cell Metabolism 93
Chapter 4 Cell Membrane Transport 150
Chapter 5 Chemical Messengers 196
Chapter 6 The Endocrine System - Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions 236
Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling 262
Chapter 8 Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration 303
Chapter 9 The Nervous System - Central Nervous System 349
Chapter 10 The Nervous System - Sensory Systems 402
Chapter 11 The Nervous System - Autonomic and Motor Systems 475
Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology 500
Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System - Cardiac Function 557
Chapter 14 The Cardiovascular System - Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure 603
Chapter 15 The Cardiovascular System - Blood 662
Chapter 16 The Respiratory System - Pulmonary Ventilation 693
Chapter 17 The Respiratory System - Gas Exchange and Regulation of Breathing 737
Chapter 18 The Urinary System - Renal Function 785
Chapter 19 The Urinary System - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance 840
Chapter 20 The Gastrointestinal System 889
Chapter 21 The Endocrine System - Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth 959
Chapter 22 The Reproductive System 1008
Chapter 23 The Immune System 1066
Chapter 24 Diabetes Mellitus 1113
,Principles of Human Physiology, 6e (Stanfield)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) The smallest living units capable of carrying out their own basic life functions are called
A) organs.
B) organ systems.
C) tissues.
D) cells.
E) organelles.
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
2) Cells are classified into which of the following four broad categories?
A) squamous, cubodial, columnar, and basement membranes
B) skeletal, cardiac, endocrine, and nervous
C) neurons, muscle, epithelial, and connective tissue
D) atoms, tissues, organs, and organ systems
E) endocrine, nervous, integumentary, and reproductive
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
3) Epithelial cells are associated with a noncellular material called a(n)
A) fibroblast.
B) connective tissue.
C) endocrine gland.
D) basement membrane.
E) muscle fiber.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
1|Page
,4) are found in the linings of hollow organs where they separate fluids in the interior
cavity from the surrounding body fluids. The interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel is known
as a .
A) Endocrine cells : lumen
B) Smooth muscle cells : cavity
C) Epithelial : lumen
D) Connective tissues : basement membran
E) Elastin cells : cavity
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
5) The tissue type that generates mechanical force and movement, and whose activity is
controlled both on a voluntary and involuntary level, is tissue.
A) muscle
B) epithelial
C) connective
D) nervous
E) skeletal
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1|2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
6) Glands are derived from what type of tissue?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nerve
E) reticular
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
2|Page
,7) The cell types blood, bone, fat, and lymph would be categorized into which of the following
major cell classes?
A) neurons
B) muscle cells
C) epithelial cells
D) connective tissue cells
E) endocrine cells
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
8) Which tissue type includes cells contained in an extracellular matrix composed of collagen
and elastin?
A) muscle tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) connective tissue
D) nervous tissue
E) endocrine tissue
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1|2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
9) What is a general name for the noncellular material that holds the widely scattered cells of
connective tissue together?
A) basement membrane
B) collagen
C) intracellular matrix
D) extracellular matrix
E) elastin
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
3|Page
,10) Which of the following is a protein found in connective tissue that provides the tensile
strength to resist stretching?
A) collagen
B) elastin
C) erythropoietin
D) basement membrane
E) vimentin
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
11) What are the structures that attach bone to muscle?
A) ligaments
B) aponeuroses
C) extracellular matrix proteins
D) tendons
E) intracellular matrix proteins
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
12) Organs of the body are defined as
A) a collection of cells that perform similar functions.
B) two or more tissues combined to form a structure that allows each tissue to function
independently.
C) a collection of cells that function independently of one another.
D) a combination of two or more tissues that make up a structure which performs a specific
function.
E) a collection of tissues that function independently of one another.
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
4|Page
,13) Which of the following accurately represents the order of complexity for the components of
the body, from least to most complex?
A) organ systems, cells, tissues, organs
B) tissues, cells, organs, organ systems
C) cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
D) cells, tissues, organ systems, organs
E) organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
Answer: C
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
14) The uptake of nutrients across the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract and into the
bloodstream is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
15) What organ system includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland?
A) nervous
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary
E) immune
Answer: B
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
16) The lumen of which of the following systems is part of the internal environment?
A) gastrointestinal system
B) respiratory system
C) cardiovascular system
D) urinary system
E) gastrointestinal and urinary systems
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
5|Page
,17) The process whereby fluid from the bloodstream enters the tubules of the kidneys is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: A
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
18) The process whereby fluid in the kidneys is transported from the tubules back into the
bloodstream is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: E
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
19) Referring to a membrane as "selectively permeable" describes its ability to
A) allow the movement of particular molecules across a membrane.
B) restrict only the movement of sodium across a membrane.
C) provide a barrier that restricts the movement of all molecules across a membrane.
D) provide a minimal barrier that allows almost any molecule to move across a membrane.
E) restrict only the movement of potassium across the membrane.
Answer: A
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
20) Extracellular fluid is composed of
A) interstitial fluid and plasma.
B) plasma and intracellular fluid.
C) interstitial fluid only.
D) plasma only.
E) intracellular fluid only.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
6|Page
, 21) Total body water is composed of
A) intracellular fluid only.
B) extracellular fluid only.
C) intracellular and interstitial fluid.
D) intracellular and extracellular fluid.
E) plasma and intracellular fluid.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
22) Where is most of our total body water located?
A) in the lumen of the kidneys
B) in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract
C) in blood
D) inside cells
E) surrounding the cells
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
23) Which of the following compartments contain most of the water found in the human body?
A) intracellular fluid
B) plasma
C) interstitial fluid
D) extracellular fluid
E) lumen of the intestinal tract
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
24) What are the two extracellular fluid compartments of the body?
A) intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid
B) intracellular fluid and plasma
C) intracellular fluid and blood
D) interstitial fluid and plasma
E) interstitial fluid and blood
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
25) The portion of body water outside of cells that bathes most cells of the body is called
7|Page
Principles of Human Physiology
6th Edition by Stanfield
Chapters 1 - 24
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology 2
Chapter 2 The Cell - Structure and Function 34
Chapter 3 Cell Metabolism 93
Chapter 4 Cell Membrane Transport 150
Chapter 5 Chemical Messengers 196
Chapter 6 The Endocrine System - Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions 236
Chapter 7 Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling 262
Chapter 8 Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration 303
Chapter 9 The Nervous System - Central Nervous System 349
Chapter 10 The Nervous System - Sensory Systems 402
Chapter 11 The Nervous System - Autonomic and Motor Systems 475
Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology 500
Chapter 13 The Cardiovascular System - Cardiac Function 557
Chapter 14 The Cardiovascular System - Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure 603
Chapter 15 The Cardiovascular System - Blood 662
Chapter 16 The Respiratory System - Pulmonary Ventilation 693
Chapter 17 The Respiratory System - Gas Exchange and Regulation of Breathing 737
Chapter 18 The Urinary System - Renal Function 785
Chapter 19 The Urinary System - Fluid and Electrolyte Balance 840
Chapter 20 The Gastrointestinal System 889
Chapter 21 The Endocrine System - Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth 959
Chapter 22 The Reproductive System 1008
Chapter 23 The Immune System 1066
Chapter 24 Diabetes Mellitus 1113
,Principles of Human Physiology, 6e (Stanfield)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) The smallest living units capable of carrying out their own basic life functions are called
A) organs.
B) organ systems.
C) tissues.
D) cells.
E) organelles.
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
2) Cells are classified into which of the following four broad categories?
A) squamous, cubodial, columnar, and basement membranes
B) skeletal, cardiac, endocrine, and nervous
C) neurons, muscle, epithelial, and connective tissue
D) atoms, tissues, organs, and organ systems
E) endocrine, nervous, integumentary, and reproductive
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
3) Epithelial cells are associated with a noncellular material called a(n)
A) fibroblast.
B) connective tissue.
C) endocrine gland.
D) basement membrane.
E) muscle fiber.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
1|Page
,4) are found in the linings of hollow organs where they separate fluids in the interior
cavity from the surrounding body fluids. The interior cavity of a hollow organ or vessel is known
as a .
A) Endocrine cells : lumen
B) Smooth muscle cells : cavity
C) Epithelial : lumen
D) Connective tissues : basement membran
E) Elastin cells : cavity
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
5) The tissue type that generates mechanical force and movement, and whose activity is
controlled both on a voluntary and involuntary level, is tissue.
A) muscle
B) epithelial
C) connective
D) nervous
E) skeletal
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1|2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
6) Glands are derived from what type of tissue?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nerve
E) reticular
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
2|Page
,7) The cell types blood, bone, fat, and lymph would be categorized into which of the following
major cell classes?
A) neurons
B) muscle cells
C) epithelial cells
D) connective tissue cells
E) endocrine cells
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
8) Which tissue type includes cells contained in an extracellular matrix composed of collagen
and elastin?
A) muscle tissue
B) epithelial tissue
C) connective tissue
D) nervous tissue
E) endocrine tissue
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-1|2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
9) What is a general name for the noncellular material that holds the widely scattered cells of
connective tissue together?
A) basement membrane
B) collagen
C) intracellular matrix
D) extracellular matrix
E) elastin
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
3|Page
,10) Which of the following is a protein found in connective tissue that provides the tensile
strength to resist stretching?
A) collagen
B) elastin
C) erythropoietin
D) basement membrane
E) vimentin
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
11) What are the structures that attach bone to muscle?
A) ligaments
B) aponeuroses
C) extracellular matrix proteins
D) tendons
E) intracellular matrix proteins
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.1
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
12) Organs of the body are defined as
A) a collection of cells that perform similar functions.
B) two or more tissues combined to form a structure that allows each tissue to function
independently.
C) a collection of cells that function independently of one another.
D) a combination of two or more tissues that make up a structure which performs a specific
function.
E) a collection of tissues that function independently of one another.
Answer: D
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
4|Page
,13) Which of the following accurately represents the order of complexity for the components of
the body, from least to most complex?
A) organ systems, cells, tissues, organs
B) tissues, cells, organs, organ systems
C) cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
D) cells, tissues, organ systems, organs
E) organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
Answer: C
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
14) The uptake of nutrients across the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract and into the
bloodstream is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
15) What organ system includes the pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland?
A) nervous
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) integumentary
E) immune
Answer: B
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
16) The lumen of which of the following systems is part of the internal environment?
A) gastrointestinal system
B) respiratory system
C) cardiovascular system
D) urinary system
E) gastrointestinal and urinary systems
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
5|Page
,17) The process whereby fluid from the bloodstream enters the tubules of the kidneys is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: A
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
18) The process whereby fluid in the kidneys is transported from the tubules back into the
bloodstream is called
A) filtration.
B) excretion.
C) secretion.
D) absorption.
E) reabsorption.
Answer: E
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
19) Referring to a membrane as "selectively permeable" describes its ability to
A) allow the movement of particular molecules across a membrane.
B) restrict only the movement of sodium across a membrane.
C) provide a barrier that restricts the movement of all molecules across a membrane.
D) provide a minimal barrier that allows almost any molecule to move across a membrane.
E) restrict only the movement of potassium across the membrane.
Answer: A
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Chapter Section: 1.1
20) Extracellular fluid is composed of
A) interstitial fluid and plasma.
B) plasma and intracellular fluid.
C) interstitial fluid only.
D) plasma only.
E) intracellular fluid only.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
6|Page
, 21) Total body water is composed of
A) intracellular fluid only.
B) extracellular fluid only.
C) intracellular and interstitial fluid.
D) intracellular and extracellular fluid.
E) plasma and intracellular fluid.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
22) Where is most of our total body water located?
A) in the lumen of the kidneys
B) in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract
C) in blood
D) inside cells
E) surrounding the cells
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
23) Which of the following compartments contain most of the water found in the human body?
A) intracellular fluid
B) plasma
C) interstitial fluid
D) extracellular fluid
E) lumen of the intestinal tract
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
24) What are the two extracellular fluid compartments of the body?
A) intracellular fluid and interstitial fluid
B) intracellular fluid and plasma
C) intracellular fluid and blood
D) interstitial fluid and plasma
E) interstitial fluid and blood
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1.2
HAPS LO: HAPS-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Chapter Section: 1.1
25) The portion of body water outside of cells that bathes most cells of the body is called
7|Page
