Cells
Introduction
● Cell Theory:
All living organisms are composed of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organisation in organisms.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
● Types of Cells:
Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
(e.g., bacteria).
Eukaryotic Cells: Have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (e.g.,
plant and animal cells).
Prokaryotic Cells
● Structure:
● Lack a true nucleus; genetic material is in a nucleoid region.
● Lack membrane-bound organelles.
● Have a cell wall for structural support.
● May have flagella for movement.
● Function:
● Carry out essential life processes.
● Play a vital role in various ecosystems.
Eukaryotic Cells
Animal Cells
● Structure:
● Nucleus with a nuclear envelope.
● Cytoplasm containing various organelles.
● Plasma membrane for cell boundary.
● Organelles:
● Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration.
Introduction
● Cell Theory:
All living organisms are composed of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and organisation in organisms.
Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
● Types of Cells:
Prokaryotic Cells: Lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
(e.g., bacteria).
Eukaryotic Cells: Have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (e.g.,
plant and animal cells).
Prokaryotic Cells
● Structure:
● Lack a true nucleus; genetic material is in a nucleoid region.
● Lack membrane-bound organelles.
● Have a cell wall for structural support.
● May have flagella for movement.
● Function:
● Carry out essential life processes.
● Play a vital role in various ecosystems.
Eukaryotic Cells
Animal Cells
● Structure:
● Nucleus with a nuclear envelope.
● Cytoplasm containing various organelles.
● Plasma membrane for cell boundary.
● Organelles:
● Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration.
