AQA 100%
A Level Psychology
Questions andPaper 1 studies
Answers
• Types of and explanations for conformity - Lucas:
Students conformed more on harder maths questions
and if they had less confidence in their maths ability
• Conformity: Asch's research - Perrin and Spencer:
Repeated Asch's study on engineering students, only
one student conformed out of 396 trials
• Conformity to social roles: Zimbardo's research - Reicher
and Haslam: Re- peated the experiment on TV, the
prisoners took control of the guards because they
formed a group with a shared social identity
• Obedience: Milgram's research - Hofling: 21 out of 22
nurses obeyed unrea- sonable demands from doctors
• Obedience: Situational variables - Bickman: Suit,
milkman, security guard, people were twice as likely to
obey security guard than the person wearing a suit
• Obedience: Social-psychological factors - Kilham and
Mann: 16% total obe- dience in Australia, 85% in
Germany
• Obedience: Dispositional explanations - Milgram and
Elms: Found a correla- tion between full obedience on
Milgram's study and high score on the f-scale
• Resistance to social influence - Holland: 37% of people
with an internal locus of control did not fully obey
compared to 23% of externals
• Minority influence - Moscovici: Group of 6 asked to say
whether 36 blue slides were blue or green, 2
confederates per group who said green on 2/3 of trials,
participants gave same wrong answer on 8.42% of
trials, when minority disagrees, 1.25%, and when no
confederates 0.25%
• Social influence and social change - Nolan: Decrease in
energy use only in households told that neighbours were
trying to reduce, not in households just asked to reduce
A Level Psychology
Questions andPaper 1 studies
Answers
• Types of and explanations for conformity - Lucas:
Students conformed more on harder maths questions
and if they had less confidence in their maths ability
• Conformity: Asch's research - Perrin and Spencer:
Repeated Asch's study on engineering students, only
one student conformed out of 396 trials
• Conformity to social roles: Zimbardo's research - Reicher
and Haslam: Re- peated the experiment on TV, the
prisoners took control of the guards because they
formed a group with a shared social identity
• Obedience: Milgram's research - Hofling: 21 out of 22
nurses obeyed unrea- sonable demands from doctors
• Obedience: Situational variables - Bickman: Suit,
milkman, security guard, people were twice as likely to
obey security guard than the person wearing a suit
• Obedience: Social-psychological factors - Kilham and
Mann: 16% total obe- dience in Australia, 85% in
Germany
• Obedience: Dispositional explanations - Milgram and
Elms: Found a correla- tion between full obedience on
Milgram's study and high score on the f-scale
• Resistance to social influence - Holland: 37% of people
with an internal locus of control did not fully obey
compared to 23% of externals
• Minority influence - Moscovici: Group of 6 asked to say
whether 36 blue slides were blue or green, 2
confederates per group who said green on 2/3 of trials,
participants gave same wrong answer on 8.42% of
trials, when minority disagrees, 1.25%, and when no
confederates 0.25%
• Social influence and social change - Nolan: Decrease in
energy use only in households told that neighbours were
trying to reduce, not in households just asked to reduce
