NURS 534 Advanced Physiology Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Most processing of ribonucleic acid (RNA) occurs in the ______ Nucleus = contains DNA and RNA, replicates, repairs, and transcribes genetic material Correct Answer Nucleus The RNA-protein complex exist in in the cytosol in either free form or attached to the _______ Correct Answer Edoplasmic reticulum (ER) The _______ is a network of channels that extend through the cytoplasm. Correct Answer Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) A _____ Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is prominent in cells that produce/secrete high qualities of proteins. Correct Answer Rough important in excreting molecules (toxins); also the smooth ER is the site for synthesizing lipids and fats Correct Answer The smooth ER • Ribosomes are also located throughout the cytoplasm (i.e., they do not have to be connected with the ER). • The purpose of these structures is to translate messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for proteins needed in the cytosol. For proteins that will be secreted from the cell or incorporated into the cell's membrane, then the manufacturing takes place in the ribosomes attached to the ER. Which ribosomes is this one? Free ribosomes in the cytoplasm AND Ribosomes embedded in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Correct Answer Free ribosomes * A network of membranes and vesicles. * The Golgi apparatus packages proteins into vesicles * The vesicles break off from the Golgi complex and migrate to a variety of intracellular and extracellular destinations. * The Golgi complex is more prominent in some cells, particularly those that secrete proteins. (ex. immunoglobulins) Golgi complex = packaging center/transport facility Correct Answer Golgi complex • contain hydrolytic enzymes; these enzymes were synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (the enzymes were subsequently released from the Golgi apparatus). • These