A35
CHAPTER 39 – MEASURES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Question Remarks
COMPARING THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
BETWEEN COUNTRIES
EXTRACT A: RWANDA'S HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, 1990-
2015
Between 1 990 and 201 5 Rwanda made the greatest progress in
human development, according to the UN's annual Human
Development Index (HDI). The UN also calculates an adjusted
development index that takes inequality into account. On
average, this reduces countries' 2015 scores by 22 per cent;
Rwanda falls by over 30 per cent.
EXTRACT B: RWANDA'S FUTURE
Rwanda is a small land-locked country with a population of
about 12 million. Since 2000, growth in GDP has averaged 8 per
cent a year and is among the best on the continent, according to
the World Bank, although the economy has recently slowed
significantly. The President has a record of producing rapid
growth and extracting maximum social gain from minimum
resources — but human rights organisations criticise the lack of
political freedom. However, officials say progress in poor
countries is more about access to food, schooling and
healthcare.
Poverty has fallen sharply, as has mortality during childbirth.
CHAPTER 39 – MEASURES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Question Remarks
COMPARING THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
BETWEEN COUNTRIES
EXTRACT A: RWANDA'S HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, 1990-
2015
Between 1 990 and 201 5 Rwanda made the greatest progress in
human development, according to the UN's annual Human
Development Index (HDI). The UN also calculates an adjusted
development index that takes inequality into account. On
average, this reduces countries' 2015 scores by 22 per cent;
Rwanda falls by over 30 per cent.
EXTRACT B: RWANDA'S FUTURE
Rwanda is a small land-locked country with a population of
about 12 million. Since 2000, growth in GDP has averaged 8 per
cent a year and is among the best on the continent, according to
the World Bank, although the economy has recently slowed
significantly. The President has a record of producing rapid
growth and extracting maximum social gain from minimum
resources — but human rights organisations criticise the lack of
political freedom. However, officials say progress in poor
countries is more about access to food, schooling and
healthcare.
Poverty has fallen sharply, as has mortality during childbirth.
