WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236/ WGU
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTION AND
ANSWERS WITH LATEST UPDATES 2023
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER-T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER-Mutations in
genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER-Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWER-(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction >
release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in
urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER-increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER-retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER-Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER-Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER-a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed
by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWER-Spina
bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER-arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
, Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER-results from failure of neural tube to close.
sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER-males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER-ND-PAE, decreased brain function,
FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER-Connective- RA, Scleroderma,
Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER-Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER-It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER-noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER-sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER-superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue
infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER-noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER-uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders,
spreads
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - ANSWER-disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium
and vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ANSWER-red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint
over another
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236 QUESTION AND
ANSWERS WITH LATEST UPDATES 2023
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER-T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER-Mutations in
genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER-Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWER-(ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction >
release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in
urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER-increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER-retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWER-Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER-Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER-a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed
by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWER-Spina
bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER-arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
, Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER-results from failure of neural tube to close.
sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER-males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER-ND-PAE, decreased brain function,
FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER-Connective- RA, Scleroderma,
Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER-Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER-It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER-noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER-sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER-superficial, localized skin conditions or deep tissue
infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER-noncancerous growths, stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER-uncontrolled new tissue growth, irregular borders,
spreads
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-The loss of bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to
become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
osteomalacia - ANSWER-disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium
and vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ANSWER-red pigment that stores oxygen in muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER-fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint
over another
