Summary AQA ALEVEL BIOLOGY NOTES ON ACTIVE TRANSPORT

= Active Transport
→
Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions into or out of a cell from a




region
of lower concentration to a
region
of
higher concentration
using ATP and carrier

proteins .




What are the differences between active and
passive forms of transport ?

In active transport :



Metabolic in form of ATP is needed
energy
•




-
Substances are moved against a concentration gradient
Carrier protein molecules involved
-



are


Selective process BI9
-




] [
*



Process of Direct Active Transport
iiiiliiiiiiliiii if
, → . #
I:L?Igsie ↳
1-
Substrate binds to the carrier
2
ATP in of the cell
binds a specific binding site on the inside
3 ATPase of ATP ADPTP
region catalyses the breakdown to


conformational
4
Energy released causes
change
Protein shape to
push substrate across membrane
changes
-




Substrate
binding site non
complementary to ADPTP
-
-




ejected
binding
-
ATP site is

5 The to
phosphate molecule released from protein revert to its
original shape .




Outside cell Insidec
-




=
-




-




=
-




:{
-


s.CN :÷
AT7
Molecules bind


% I :÷÷ :÷:*
µ
.
•
transported . •
membrane protein •
,
inside cell -


-




-




=
-




=




{
-P ADP
↳~
r
of
Binding a
>
.
.

a


÷:÷:
.
"

÷:
.



conformation
change -




to the protein
-




-


-