CELL BIOLOGY
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Animal and plant cells both contain…
Cytoplasm: liquid like substance where most chemical reactions occur
Cell Membrane: semi permeable membrane that controls what enters and leaves the cell
Nucleus: Holds genetic information
Mitochondria: release energy in aerobic respiration
Ribosomes: where protein synthesis occurs
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
- Plant cells are reliant on being very turgid to remain upright to gain light for
photosynthesis
ONLY plant cells contain…
Cell wall: Made from cellulose fibres, strengths and supports the plant cell
Vacuole: filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid. Also maintains water balance
Chloroplasts: contain chlorophyll to trap sunlight for photosynthesis
- Animal cells are approximately 10μm - 30μm
- Plant cells are approximately 10μm - 100μm
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Eukaryotic cells: the genetic information is contained within a nucleus (eg
plant/animal/fungi/protist cells)
Prokaryotic cells: surrounded by a cell wall, but DO NOT have their genetic information in
a nucleus (eg bacteria)
- Prokaryotic cells are much smaller
- Prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Components of a bacterial cell that eukaryotic cells don’t have:
- Genetic material is one singular loop with no beginning or end that floats freely
- Plasmids are smaller loops of DNA (antibiotic resistance can spread through these
copying)
- Bacterial cells can reproduce every 20 minutes through binary fission, a simple form
of cell division
- Some bacteria that live in water have a tail called a flagellum, to allow them to swim
- Some bacteria in the air have a slimy capsule to stop them from drying out
, 1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Cell membrane
Vacuole
chloroplast
(71 + 78 + 68) / 3 =
72.3
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Animal and plant cells both contain…
Cytoplasm: liquid like substance where most chemical reactions occur
Cell Membrane: semi permeable membrane that controls what enters and leaves the cell
Nucleus: Holds genetic information
Mitochondria: release energy in aerobic respiration
Ribosomes: where protein synthesis occurs
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
- Plant cells are reliant on being very turgid to remain upright to gain light for
photosynthesis
ONLY plant cells contain…
Cell wall: Made from cellulose fibres, strengths and supports the plant cell
Vacuole: filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid. Also maintains water balance
Chloroplasts: contain chlorophyll to trap sunlight for photosynthesis
- Animal cells are approximately 10μm - 30μm
- Plant cells are approximately 10μm - 100μm
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Eukaryotic cells: the genetic information is contained within a nucleus (eg
plant/animal/fungi/protist cells)
Prokaryotic cells: surrounded by a cell wall, but DO NOT have their genetic information in
a nucleus (eg bacteria)
- Prokaryotic cells are much smaller
- Prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
,1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Components of a bacterial cell that eukaryotic cells don’t have:
- Genetic material is one singular loop with no beginning or end that floats freely
- Plasmids are smaller loops of DNA (antibiotic resistance can spread through these
copying)
- Bacterial cells can reproduce every 20 minutes through binary fission, a simple form
of cell division
- Some bacteria that live in water have a tail called a flagellum, to allow them to swim
- Some bacteria in the air have a slimy capsule to stop them from drying out
, 1.1. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells:
Cell membrane
Vacuole
chloroplast
(71 + 78 + 68) / 3 =
72.3
