Unit 12 - Assignment 2
Examine the transmission of infectious diseases and how this can be prevented
Example of infectious
Mode of transmission What pathogen How can it be spread?
disease causes it?
Human to Human Hepatitis B can be spread during sex.
(bodily fluids – STD, Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B is spread by blood or other bodily fluids coming from a
blood) person who is affected by the virus. When the infected bodily fluids
enter a healthy person's body, they will also have the virus.
Rabies is spread by animals. It can either be spread by someone coming
Animal to human Rabies Virus in contact with the infected animal's saliva or if someone was to be bit by
(animal waste) a rabid animal.
Vectors (fleas, lice,
ticks)
Fleas Parasites Animals like dogs and cats can attract fleas. If they are not treated, the
fleas from the infected animals can jump to humans and will bite them.
Transmission through
surfaces, infected The flu virus can be spread by one person coming in close contact with
water droplets. another who is infected by the flu. When someone with flu is to cough or
(Coughing, sneezing) Flu Virus sneeze the infected water droplets will spread from the person's body
increasing the risk of others inhaling these droplets and becoming
infected.
, Contaminated food or
water
Cholera Bacteria Cholera is spread by eating or drinking food or water which is
contaminated with the cholera bacteria.
Example Effectiveness
of (ease of
Preventative infectious administrating, Cost Advantages of this method Disadvantages of this Vaccination programme in
method diseases one off or method place?
prevente daily/weekly
d this way medication)
Anti-malarials
should be taken
1-2 days before
travelling. They
should be taken For one box
every day while of anti- A disadvantage could be that According to BBC, a malaria
you are malarial If the anti-malarial drugs anti-malarials can have side- vaccine has been developed
Prophylaxis Malaria travelling and tablets, are effective, they will effects which can make by scientists at Oxford
(anti- then up to 4 which has 36 reduce the chance of people ill, such as stomach University. The vaccine is
malarial) weeks when tablets, it can getting malaria. planned to start being
you return. cost up to pain, nausea, and vomiting. administered in 2023.
These are £69.99.
effective as
long as they are
taken as
prescribed, if
Examine the transmission of infectious diseases and how this can be prevented
Example of infectious
Mode of transmission What pathogen How can it be spread?
disease causes it?
Human to Human Hepatitis B can be spread during sex.
(bodily fluids – STD, Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B is spread by blood or other bodily fluids coming from a
blood) person who is affected by the virus. When the infected bodily fluids
enter a healthy person's body, they will also have the virus.
Rabies is spread by animals. It can either be spread by someone coming
Animal to human Rabies Virus in contact with the infected animal's saliva or if someone was to be bit by
(animal waste) a rabid animal.
Vectors (fleas, lice,
ticks)
Fleas Parasites Animals like dogs and cats can attract fleas. If they are not treated, the
fleas from the infected animals can jump to humans and will bite them.
Transmission through
surfaces, infected The flu virus can be spread by one person coming in close contact with
water droplets. another who is infected by the flu. When someone with flu is to cough or
(Coughing, sneezing) Flu Virus sneeze the infected water droplets will spread from the person's body
increasing the risk of others inhaling these droplets and becoming
infected.
, Contaminated food or
water
Cholera Bacteria Cholera is spread by eating or drinking food or water which is
contaminated with the cholera bacteria.
Example Effectiveness
of (ease of
Preventative infectious administrating, Cost Advantages of this method Disadvantages of this Vaccination programme in
method diseases one off or method place?
prevente daily/weekly
d this way medication)
Anti-malarials
should be taken
1-2 days before
travelling. They
should be taken For one box
every day while of anti- A disadvantage could be that According to BBC, a malaria
you are malarial If the anti-malarial drugs anti-malarials can have side- vaccine has been developed
Prophylaxis Malaria travelling and tablets, are effective, they will effects which can make by scientists at Oxford
(anti- then up to 4 which has 36 reduce the chance of people ill, such as stomach University. The vaccine is
malarial) weeks when tablets, it can getting malaria. planned to start being
you return. cost up to pain, nausea, and vomiting. administered in 2023.
These are £69.99.
effective as
long as they are
taken as
prescribed, if
