Unit 17- Assignment 1

Unit 17- Assignment 1

P1, P2, M1 & D1
Create a written report that discusses in depth the effect personality and motivation have on
sports performance, with your report you should look to include a range of examples from
different sports, clearly highlighting your points throughout


P1 Define personality and how it affects sports performance


P2 Describe motivation and how it affects sports performance

Explain the effects of personality and motivation on sports performance
M1

Evaluate the effects of personality and motivation on sports performance
D1


Requirements:

 Define personality
 Describe, explain and evaluate personality, covering all of the following points:
 Theories of personality – trait theory, situational and interactional approach
 Type A and B personality
 Effects on sports performance;
 Athletes versus non athletes
 Individual versus team sports
 Elite versus non elite
 Type A versus type B
 Define motivation
 Describe, explain and evaluate motivation, covering all of the following points:
 Views of motivation – trait centred, situation centred and interactional view
 Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
 Theories of motivation – achievement and attribution theories
 Effects on sports performance;
 Positive and negative
 Future expectations of success and failure
 Developing a motivational climate

Personality

Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive
character.

Marten’s Schematic Theory

This theory suggests that there is 3 layers to personality.
Psychological Core- The psychological core is the centre and it is who you really are. It is what makes
you, you. The core is thought to hold all the key things that makes you an individual in the world. The
qualities that you hold at your core are very difficult to change therefore meaning that you are going

, to more than likely have those qualities for the whole of your life. The psychological core holds your
beliefs, values and attitudes towards all things in life.

Typical Responses- The “middle layer” you someone's personality is the typical responses layer and
this is where you react to situations that there presented to you and how someone goes about
dealing with situations. Once again, everybody is different with how they will react to a situation. As
an example, if there was a car crash then some people will react in a calm and cool manner and
simply check if everyone is ok and call the emergency services. Whereas another person might panic,
hesitate and make the situation worse. Even little things such as if someone took a pen from your
possession without asking. Some people would flip and have a go at whoever took the pen, however
another person might just be ok with in and let them keep the pen. These different “typical
responses” are similar to the core in respect to the permanence of the typical response that each
individual has.

Role-Related Behaviour- This most outer layer is the most changeable. It relates back to the typical
responses partly in the respects to how someone will react to a situation. However this layer is
about how someone will react to a specific situation. Whereby someone could react to something
based on how we feel and the situation we are in.




Trait theories (Eysenck and Cattell)

This theory is similar to the Martens Schematic Theory in respect to the categorization of
personality. However in true opinion I don't think that there is anyone who fits into a specific
category. The idea of categories is there for us to help understand what people are more likely to be
like based on how people behave in their everyday lives. The difficulties with the Eysenck theory is
that it is quite a narrow minded theory. It is unfortunate that the theory does not allow the complex
personality that there is.