Summary Gene expression and cancer notes

GENE
EXPRESSION
Gene expression and cancer



Recombiast DNA technology




TOPk8_

,GENE EXPRESSION




4- ENEMY THINK
Any change to the structure of and to
quantity DNA mutation
change
-


or is a
any
more nucleotide bases is mutation Gene mutations arise
one
gene may
or a .




spontaneously in DNA replication
TYPES OF MUTATION
Substitution
-
Nucleotide in a section of DNA is replaced by another nucleotide that has a



different base

change to the acid coded for DNA
May cause since ☐
-

no amino


degenerate . However a new codon for a different amino acid
could be formed .
This would charge the polypeptide coded for and it

may no longer function .




lead
being produced
A base could to stop codon instead
change
-
in a



i.
coding for the polypeptide would end and a different protein
would be produced .




Deletion
Removal of nucleotide base from DNA
a a
sequence
-




code producing as an .no acid
meaning each triplet
-


Causes a frame shift

read differently so the protein
may no longer
will be function
and the phenotype could be altered considerably
Addition
-
An extra base is inserted into the sequence
-

Usually causes a frame shift less of an impact ,
of there are
3

bases added
Duplication
-



One or more bases repeated producing a frame shift
Inversion
-




Group of bases become separated from the DNA and rejoin at the

same position but in the inverse order