Monoclonal
t t t t t t t t t t Antibodies
tt t t t t tt t t
thatcan
Therat isinjectedwitha chosenantigen
which causesthemouseto produce
B lymphocytes type of WBC
TheotherendoftheMABcan carrydrugs fluorescentproteinsandradioactivesubstanceswhichcantherefore betransportedto
specificcellsin thebodyforspecifictasks including
Delivering a toxic drug tocancer cells to stopgrowthanddivisionwithout harmingany healthycells
Locatingspecificmoleculeson a cellor tissue bybeingboundto a fluorescent dye
PREGNANCY TESTS USE POSITIVESEESNEGATIVES
so thesideeffects with
4 Control window whether the regardsto illnessessuchascancer willbelower
personis pregnant or not theycanalsobeproducedquitequickly
there willbe excess mobile
antibodies with bluedye
ppg ppg ppg
antibodiesspecific to
HCG The
mobile antibodies withblue Disadvantages
stillcausefevers vomitingand lowblood
can
dye willbind here causing pressure whichwasn't originallyexpected
ReactionYnet canalsobequiteexpensive
2 Fivebeads
attachedtomobile monoclonal
Theyarespecificto
antibodies
HCGwhichis in a pregnant
womans urine
1 Teststrip theladyurinateson
strip
, Cell
I t t t Differentiation
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t and
tt t Specialisation
t t t t t tttt tttt t
Differentiation
istheprocessbywhich acellchangestobecomespecialisedforitsjo
Inananimalcelltheabilitytodifferentiateislostatanearlyage
Howevermostplantcells
neverlosethisability
Undifferentiated cellsare called stemcells
SPERMcellsare agameteandtheyessentiallygetthemaleDnatothefemaleDNA
Theyhavealongtailflagellum tohelpitswimtotheegg
iii iii i
breakdowntheegg'smembrane
Lotsofmitochondriatoprovidethecellwiththeenergy itneeds
NERVEcells electrical signals
fromonebodypart to another
carry
Myelin sheathsurroundstheaxonand is made from proteinandfatty
acidswhichallowelectrical impulsestotransmitquickly
Long to allowthem to cover a further distance
Branched connections
to connectto othernervecellsand form a network
MUSCLE cellscontracttoproducemovement inthebody
Longsotheyhaveenoughspaceto contract
Containlots
ofmitochondriatogeneratetheenergythat
is neededforcontractions
ROOTHAIRcellsarefoundonthesurfaceofrootsandabsorbwaterandmineral
areatoincreasetherateof absorptionof water
Largesurface
andminerals
respiration to
providetheenergyneeded foractivetransport
T.FIjiIjÉ
PHLOEMandXYLEMtransportsubstancessuchasfoodandwateraroundtheplant
Longandjoinedendtoendtoformthetubes
are nowand
structures sosubstancescanflowthroughthem
t t t t t t t t t t Antibodies
tt t t t t tt t t
thatcan
Therat isinjectedwitha chosenantigen
which causesthemouseto produce
B lymphocytes type of WBC
TheotherendoftheMABcan carrydrugs fluorescentproteinsandradioactivesubstanceswhichcantherefore betransportedto
specificcellsin thebodyforspecifictasks including
Delivering a toxic drug tocancer cells to stopgrowthanddivisionwithout harmingany healthycells
Locatingspecificmoleculeson a cellor tissue bybeingboundto a fluorescent dye
PREGNANCY TESTS USE POSITIVESEESNEGATIVES
so thesideeffects with
4 Control window whether the regardsto illnessessuchascancer willbelower
personis pregnant or not theycanalsobeproducedquitequickly
there willbe excess mobile
antibodies with bluedye
ppg ppg ppg
antibodiesspecific to
HCG The
mobile antibodies withblue Disadvantages
stillcausefevers vomitingand lowblood
can
dye willbind here causing pressure whichwasn't originallyexpected
ReactionYnet canalsobequiteexpensive
2 Fivebeads
attachedtomobile monoclonal
Theyarespecificto
antibodies
HCGwhichis in a pregnant
womans urine
1 Teststrip theladyurinateson
strip
, Cell
I t t t Differentiation
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t and
tt t Specialisation
t t t t t tttt tttt t
Differentiation
istheprocessbywhich acellchangestobecomespecialisedforitsjo
Inananimalcelltheabilitytodifferentiateislostatanearlyage
Howevermostplantcells
neverlosethisability
Undifferentiated cellsare called stemcells
SPERMcellsare agameteandtheyessentiallygetthemaleDnatothefemaleDNA
Theyhavealongtailflagellum tohelpitswimtotheegg
iii iii i
breakdowntheegg'smembrane
Lotsofmitochondriatoprovidethecellwiththeenergy itneeds
NERVEcells electrical signals
fromonebodypart to another
carry
Myelin sheathsurroundstheaxonand is made from proteinandfatty
acidswhichallowelectrical impulsestotransmitquickly
Long to allowthem to cover a further distance
Branched connections
to connectto othernervecellsand form a network
MUSCLE cellscontracttoproducemovement inthebody
Longsotheyhaveenoughspaceto contract
Containlots
ofmitochondriatogeneratetheenergythat
is neededforcontractions
ROOTHAIRcellsarefoundonthesurfaceofrootsandabsorbwaterandmineral
areatoincreasetherateof absorptionof water
Largesurface
andminerals
respiration to
providetheenergyneeded foractivetransport
T.FIjiIjÉ
PHLOEMandXYLEMtransportsubstancessuchasfoodandwateraroundtheplant
Longandjoinedendtoendtoformthetubes
are nowand
structures sosubstancescanflowthroughthem
