Cells booklet Revision questions NAME:
Q1. The photograph shows part of the cytoplasm of a cell.
(a) (i) Organelle X is a mitochondrion.
What is the function of this organelle?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) Name organelle Y.
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) This photograph was taken using a transmission electron microscope. The structure
of the organelles visible in the photograph could not have been seen using an
optical(light) microscope. Explain why.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Page 1 of 14
,Q2. An amoeba is a single-celled, eukaryotic organism. Scientists used a transmission electron
microscope to study an amoeba. The diagram shows its structure.
(a) (i) Name organelle Y.
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Name two other structures in the diagram which show that the amoeba is a
eukaryotic cell.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________ (2)
(b) What is the function of organelle Z?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ (1)
(c) The scientists used a transmission electron microscope to study the structure of the
amoeba. Explain why.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 2 of 14
,Q3. The diagram shows a eukaryotic cell.
(a) Complete the table by giving the letter labelling the organelle that matches the
function.
Function of organelle Letter
Protein synthesis
Modifies protein (for example, adds carbohydrate to
protein)
Aerobic respiration
(3)
(b) Use the scale bar in the diagram above to calculate the magnification of the
drawing.
Show your working.
Answer = ____________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 3 of 14
,Q4. The diagram shows how some organelles may be distinguished from each other.
Organelle found in prokaryotic Organelle found only in
and eukaryotic cells eukaryotic cells
Organelle A
Organelle found in Organelle found in
animal cells and in plant cells. Contains
plant cells. Does not inner membranes
contain membranes arranged in stacks.
arranged in stacks. Organelle B
Larger organelle surrounded Smaller organelle surrounded
by an envelope through which by an outer membrane. Has an inner
there are pores. usually one membrane, folded to form cristae.
per cell. Many in the cell.
Organelle C Organelle D
(a) (i) Name organelle B.
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Describe the function of organelle B.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (2)
(b) Which of organelles A, B, C or D
(i) is a ribosome;
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) contains most of the DNA found in a plant cell?
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(c) Some liver tissue was ground, filtered and centrifuged to make a suspension of
organelle D.
(i) Explain why the solution in which the liver tissue was ground should be
ice-cold.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
Page 4 of 14
, (ii) The ground liver was centrifuged at low speed. The pellet that formed at the
bottom of the centrifuge tube was thrown away and the supernatant
centrifuged again at higher speed. Explain why it was necessary to first
centrifuge the ground liver at low speed in order to obtain a suspension of
organelle D.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Q5. The diagram shows a cholera bacterium. It has been magnified 50 000 times.
(a) Name A.
_________________________________________________________________ (1)
(b) Name two structures present in an epithelial cell from the small intestine that are
not present in a cholera bacterium.
1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________ (2)
(c) Cholera bacteria can be viewed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or
a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
(i) Give one advantage of using a TEM rather than a SEM.
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Give one advantage of using a SEM rather than a TEM.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (1)
Page 5 of 14
, (d) Calculate the actual width of the cholera bacterium between points B and C.
Give your answer in micrometres and show your working.
____________________ µm
(2)
(e) An outbreak of cholera occurred in London in 1849. The graph shows the
relationship between the number of deaths from cholera and the height at which
people lived above sea level.
Describe the relationship between the number of deaths from cholera and the height
at which people lived above sea level.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 6 of 14
Q1. The photograph shows part of the cytoplasm of a cell.
(a) (i) Organelle X is a mitochondrion.
What is the function of this organelle?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(ii) Name organelle Y.
______________________________________________________________
(1)
(b) This photograph was taken using a transmission electron microscope. The structure
of the organelles visible in the photograph could not have been seen using an
optical(light) microscope. Explain why.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Page 1 of 14
,Q2. An amoeba is a single-celled, eukaryotic organism. Scientists used a transmission electron
microscope to study an amoeba. The diagram shows its structure.
(a) (i) Name organelle Y.
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Name two other structures in the diagram which show that the amoeba is a
eukaryotic cell.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________ (2)
(b) What is the function of organelle Z?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ (1)
(c) The scientists used a transmission electron microscope to study the structure of the
amoeba. Explain why.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 2 of 14
,Q3. The diagram shows a eukaryotic cell.
(a) Complete the table by giving the letter labelling the organelle that matches the
function.
Function of organelle Letter
Protein synthesis
Modifies protein (for example, adds carbohydrate to
protein)
Aerobic respiration
(3)
(b) Use the scale bar in the diagram above to calculate the magnification of the
drawing.
Show your working.
Answer = ____________________
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 3 of 14
,Q4. The diagram shows how some organelles may be distinguished from each other.
Organelle found in prokaryotic Organelle found only in
and eukaryotic cells eukaryotic cells
Organelle A
Organelle found in Organelle found in
animal cells and in plant cells. Contains
plant cells. Does not inner membranes
contain membranes arranged in stacks.
arranged in stacks. Organelle B
Larger organelle surrounded Smaller organelle surrounded
by an envelope through which by an outer membrane. Has an inner
there are pores. usually one membrane, folded to form cristae.
per cell. Many in the cell.
Organelle C Organelle D
(a) (i) Name organelle B.
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Describe the function of organelle B.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (2)
(b) Which of organelles A, B, C or D
(i) is a ribosome;
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) contains most of the DNA found in a plant cell?
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(c) Some liver tissue was ground, filtered and centrifuged to make a suspension of
organelle D.
(i) Explain why the solution in which the liver tissue was ground should be
ice-cold.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(1)
Page 4 of 14
, (ii) The ground liver was centrifuged at low speed. The pellet that formed at the
bottom of the centrifuge tube was thrown away and the supernatant
centrifuged again at higher speed. Explain why it was necessary to first
centrifuge the ground liver at low speed in order to obtain a suspension of
organelle D.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
Q5. The diagram shows a cholera bacterium. It has been magnified 50 000 times.
(a) Name A.
_________________________________________________________________ (1)
(b) Name two structures present in an epithelial cell from the small intestine that are
not present in a cholera bacterium.
1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________ (2)
(c) Cholera bacteria can be viewed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or
a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
(i) Give one advantage of using a TEM rather than a SEM.
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (1)
(ii) Give one advantage of using a SEM rather than a TEM.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________ (1)
Page 5 of 14
, (d) Calculate the actual width of the cholera bacterium between points B and C.
Give your answer in micrometres and show your working.
____________________ µm
(2)
(e) An outbreak of cholera occurred in London in 1849. The graph shows the
relationship between the number of deaths from cholera and the height at which
people lived above sea level.
Describe the relationship between the number of deaths from cholera and the height
at which people lived above sea level.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 6 of 14
