Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates -
continued

, Carbohydrates continued
1. What type of sugar is glucose (based on the number of carb
atoms)
2. What are the two types of glucose and how are they differen
3. How does glucose bond (name, where, type)?
4. Give an example of a monosaccharide, disaccharide and
polysaccharide.



Complete in pairs on the white boards

, Useful biological ions
Anions Required for

Cations Required for
Nitrate (NO3-) • Amino Acid
formation
Calcium (Ca2+) • Nerve Impulses
Hydrogen • Maintain blood pH
• Muscle
Carbonate
Contractions
(HCO3-)
Sodium (Na+) • Nerve Impulses
Chloride (Cl-) • Balance sodium
• Kidney Function
and potassium ions
Potassium (K+) • Nerve Impulses in cells
• Stomata
Phosphate • Cell Membranes
Hydrogen (H+) • Catalysts (PO43-) • Nucleic Acids and
• pH Determination ATP formation
Ammonium • Needed to make • Bone formation
(NH4+) nitrate ions Hydroxide • Catalysts
(OH-) • pH determination

, Pentoses – Sugars of DNA
Pentose monosaccharides contain five carbon atoms. Like
hexoses, pentoses are long enough to form a ring.
Two important pentose molecules are the structural isomers
ribose and deoxyribose. These are important constituents
of RNA and DNA.
5 5

4 1 4 1 LINKED TOPIC
Nucleic acids
2
and genetic
3 3 2
code

ribose deoxyribose
The only difference between them is that ribose has one
H atom and one –OH group attached to carbon 2,
whereas deoxyribose has 2 H atoms and no –OH group.

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