Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Mark Scheme (Results)
Monday 18 May 2026
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 30 minutes) Paper
reference 8HI0/2D
History
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 2: Depth study
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Summer 2026
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
You must have: Total Marks
Sources Booklet (enclosed)
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number. Edexcel
•• There are two sections in this question paper.
In Section A, answer question part (a) and part (b) on the option for which you Level 3 Advanced Subsidiary GCE in
have been prepared.
•• InAnswer
Section B, answer one question on the option for which you have been prepared.
the questions in the spaces provided
History 8HI0/2D
– there may be more space than you need.
Information Paper 2: Depth study
•• The total mark for this paper is 40.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P80176A
P:1/1/1/1/1/
Education Ltd. *P80176A0120*
, Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications
SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by the UK’s
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70 including academic, vocational, occupational and specific
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b). programmes for employers. For further information visit our
qualifications websites at or .
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7. contact us page at .
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into reasons for the
introduction of anticlerical measures in Piedmont in the 1850s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. helping people progress, everywhere
(8)
aspires to be the world’s leading learning company. Our aim is to help
AND
everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe in every kind of
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question. learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We’ve been
involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an enquiry into
Britain’s relationship with Piedmont at the time of the Congress of Paris (1856)? 100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to
high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your out more about how we can help you and your students at:
own knowledge of the historical context.
.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
Summer 2026
Question Paper Log Number P80176A
Publication Code 8HI0_2D_2026_MS
All the material in this publication is
Education Ltd
2
*P80176A0220*
, General Marking Guidance
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
you have been prepared.
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
Answer Question 2, parts (a) and (b). what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4. • Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7. perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
2 (a) Study Source 3 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
appropriately.
Why is Source 3 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature of the
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should
membership of the Frankfurt Assembly when it was established in May 1848?
always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s
(8) response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
AND • Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
(b) Study Source 4 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 4 for an enquiry into the
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
reasons for the final collapse of the Frankfurt Assembly in 1849?
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. an alternative response.
(12)
(Total for Question 2 = 20 marks)
3
*P80176A0320* Turn over
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Mark Scheme (Results)
Monday 18 May 2026
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 30 minutes) Paper
reference 8HI0/2D
History
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 2: Depth study
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Summer 2026
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
You must have: Total Marks
Sources Booklet (enclosed)
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number. Edexcel
•• There are two sections in this question paper.
In Section A, answer question part (a) and part (b) on the option for which you Level 3 Advanced Subsidiary GCE in
have been prepared.
•• InAnswer
Section B, answer one question on the option for which you have been prepared.
the questions in the spaces provided
History 8HI0/2D
– there may be more space than you need.
Information Paper 2: Depth study
•• The total mark for this paper is 40.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P80176A
P:1/1/1/1/1/
Education Ltd. *P80176A0120*
, Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications
SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by the UK’s
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70 including academic, vocational, occupational and specific
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b). programmes for employers. For further information visit our
qualifications websites at or .
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7. contact us page at .
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into reasons for the
introduction of anticlerical measures in Piedmont in the 1850s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. helping people progress, everywhere
(8)
aspires to be the world’s leading learning company. Our aim is to help
AND
everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe in every kind of
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question. learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We’ve been
involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an enquiry into
Britain’s relationship with Piedmont at the time of the Congress of Paris (1856)? 100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to
high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your out more about how we can help you and your students at:
own knowledge of the historical context.
.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
Summer 2026
Question Paper Log Number P80176A
Publication Code 8HI0_2D_2026_MS
All the material in this publication is
Education Ltd
2
*P80176A0220*
, General Marking Guidance
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first
you have been prepared.
candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
Answer Question 2, parts (a) and (b). what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4. • Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7. perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used
2 (a) Study Source 3 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
appropriately.
Why is Source 3 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature of the
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should
membership of the Frankfurt Assembly when it was established in May 1848?
always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s
(8) response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
AND • Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by
which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
(b) Study Source 4 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 4 for an enquiry into the
candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
reasons for the final collapse of the Frankfurt Assembly in 1849?
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context. an alternative response.
(12)
(Total for Question 2 = 20 marks)
3
*P80176A0320* Turn over
