AAMC FL 1 B/B |ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
Based on the data presented in the passage, which statement best describes the HSP110
delta E9 allele?
A. Cancer-promoting and dominant to HSP110WT
B. Cancer- promoting and recessive to HSP110WT
C. Cancer-suppressing and dominant to HSP110WT
D. Cancer-suppressing and recessive to HSP110WT
CORRECT ANSWER
C. Cancer-suppressing and dominant to HSP110WT
-Look at figure 1. We can see the effect of HSP110 delta E9 on tumorigenesis by
comparing with HSP110WT.
-This figure shows us that HSP110 delta E9 slows tumor growth.
-Cancer is a disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled proliferation, but
the HSP110 delta E9 allele appears to be cancer suppressing.
-Looking at table 2, HSP110 delta E9 counteracts the effects of HSP110 on protein
aggregation and stimulates apoptosis, thus HSP110 delta E9 expression is dominant to
HSP110.
**this answer choice matches our breakdown of the question. The HSP110 delta E9 allele
appears to be cancer suppressing, and these is a difference in tumor volume in the HSP110
delta E9 verses HSP110WT mice because the HSP110 delta E9 allele is dominant to
HSP110WT. Table 2 shows that HSP110 delta9 allele when mixed with HSP110WT there is
more apoptotic cells. so its dominant.
1
,Question 2
Based on the passage, in MSI CRC primary tumor cells, the size of the deletion in the
HSP110T17 microsatellite is inversely correlated with:
A. The amount of HSP110 delta E9 protein expressed
B. The number of mature HSP110WT transcripts synthesized
C. The frequency of the omission of HSP110 Exon 9 during splicing
D. The extent of premature translation termination in Exon 10.
CORRECT ANSWER
B. The number of mature HSP110WT transcripts synthesized.
-Start with table 1 which shows the effect of T17 deletion size on relative expression oh
HSP110 delta E9 in MSI CRC tumor cells.
-The independent variable is T17 deletion size. We're increasing by one bp and seeing the
effect on HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed.
-We can see a clear trend as deletion size increases. HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed as
a percent of total HSP110 mRNS expressed is also increasing.
-As deletion size increases, the amount of HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed relative to
the total amount of HSP110 mARNA expressed in MSI CRC primary tumor cells increases.
-Since we want an inverse correlation for this question, we can say as deletion size
increases, the amount of wild-type HSP110 (HSP110WT) expressed relative to the total
amount of HSP110 mRNA expressed in MSI CRC primary tumor cells decreases.
Question 3
A man with a CRC mutation that results in the synthesis of HSP110 delta E9 and a woman
that does not carry this mutation in any of her tissues have a child. What is the percent
chance that the child will inherit the CRC mutation?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
2
,D. 100%
CORRECT ANSWER
A. 0%
-The author points out that colorectal cancers are caused by defects in the mismatch
repair system.
-In some cases, there can also be microsatellite instability.
-The author says people with MSI CRC have HSP110 delta E9 transcripts in cancerous
tissue only.
-The CRC mutation results in the synthesis of HSP110 delta E9 (which is present in
cancerous tissue only, or somatic cells). The tumors themselves cannot be passed on
from the man to the child.
**Based on the passage, HSP110 delta E9 is only expressed in somatic cells, not germline.
Question 4
Which nucleotide pairing(s) would be recognized by the MMR system during DNA
replication?
I. dTMP and dCMP
II. dGMP and dAMP
III. dAMP and dTMP
A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. I, II, and III
CORRECT ANSWER
C. I and II only
3
, -MMR tells u mistakes during pairing so we need to look for mistakes.
-T does not bind to C (we can keep this one)
-G does not bind to A (we can keep this one)
-A does bind to T (cross this out)
Question 5
The information in the passage best supports the conclusion that intron 8 of HSP110 most
likely contains which of the following?
A. Stop codon
B. Splice acceptor site
C. HSP110 gene promoter
D. Partial coding sequence of HSP110
CORRECT ANSWER
B. Splice acceptor site
-go back to paragraph 2. the author talks about intron 8 of HSP110.
-First part of the paragraph mentions deletions of 3 to 8 base pairs in the 17-thymine
nucleotide microsatellite (T17) located in intron 8.
-the larger HSP110 T17 deletions cause exon 9 to be omitted from the final sequence
during pre-mRNA processing. this generates a stop codon in exon 10 and the mutant
protein HSP110 delta E9.
-How could exon 9 be omitted? splicing.
-alternative splicing occurs during gene expression and allows for the production of
multiple proteins (protein isoforms) from a single gene coding. this can occur due to the
different ways in which an exon can b exluded from or included in the messenger RNA. It
can also occur if portions on an exon are excluded/included or if there is an inclusion or
introns.
4
VERIFIED ANSWERS|BRAND NEW 2026-2027
UPDATE|GRADED A+
Question 1
Based on the data presented in the passage, which statement best describes the HSP110
delta E9 allele?
A. Cancer-promoting and dominant to HSP110WT
B. Cancer- promoting and recessive to HSP110WT
C. Cancer-suppressing and dominant to HSP110WT
D. Cancer-suppressing and recessive to HSP110WT
CORRECT ANSWER
C. Cancer-suppressing and dominant to HSP110WT
-Look at figure 1. We can see the effect of HSP110 delta E9 on tumorigenesis by
comparing with HSP110WT.
-This figure shows us that HSP110 delta E9 slows tumor growth.
-Cancer is a disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled proliferation, but
the HSP110 delta E9 allele appears to be cancer suppressing.
-Looking at table 2, HSP110 delta E9 counteracts the effects of HSP110 on protein
aggregation and stimulates apoptosis, thus HSP110 delta E9 expression is dominant to
HSP110.
**this answer choice matches our breakdown of the question. The HSP110 delta E9 allele
appears to be cancer suppressing, and these is a difference in tumor volume in the HSP110
delta E9 verses HSP110WT mice because the HSP110 delta E9 allele is dominant to
HSP110WT. Table 2 shows that HSP110 delta9 allele when mixed with HSP110WT there is
more apoptotic cells. so its dominant.
1
,Question 2
Based on the passage, in MSI CRC primary tumor cells, the size of the deletion in the
HSP110T17 microsatellite is inversely correlated with:
A. The amount of HSP110 delta E9 protein expressed
B. The number of mature HSP110WT transcripts synthesized
C. The frequency of the omission of HSP110 Exon 9 during splicing
D. The extent of premature translation termination in Exon 10.
CORRECT ANSWER
B. The number of mature HSP110WT transcripts synthesized.
-Start with table 1 which shows the effect of T17 deletion size on relative expression oh
HSP110 delta E9 in MSI CRC tumor cells.
-The independent variable is T17 deletion size. We're increasing by one bp and seeing the
effect on HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed.
-We can see a clear trend as deletion size increases. HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed as
a percent of total HSP110 mRNS expressed is also increasing.
-As deletion size increases, the amount of HSP110 delta E9 mRNA expressed relative to
the total amount of HSP110 mARNA expressed in MSI CRC primary tumor cells increases.
-Since we want an inverse correlation for this question, we can say as deletion size
increases, the amount of wild-type HSP110 (HSP110WT) expressed relative to the total
amount of HSP110 mRNA expressed in MSI CRC primary tumor cells decreases.
Question 3
A man with a CRC mutation that results in the synthesis of HSP110 delta E9 and a woman
that does not carry this mutation in any of her tissues have a child. What is the percent
chance that the child will inherit the CRC mutation?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
2
,D. 100%
CORRECT ANSWER
A. 0%
-The author points out that colorectal cancers are caused by defects in the mismatch
repair system.
-In some cases, there can also be microsatellite instability.
-The author says people with MSI CRC have HSP110 delta E9 transcripts in cancerous
tissue only.
-The CRC mutation results in the synthesis of HSP110 delta E9 (which is present in
cancerous tissue only, or somatic cells). The tumors themselves cannot be passed on
from the man to the child.
**Based on the passage, HSP110 delta E9 is only expressed in somatic cells, not germline.
Question 4
Which nucleotide pairing(s) would be recognized by the MMR system during DNA
replication?
I. dTMP and dCMP
II. dGMP and dAMP
III. dAMP and dTMP
A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. I, II, and III
CORRECT ANSWER
C. I and II only
3
, -MMR tells u mistakes during pairing so we need to look for mistakes.
-T does not bind to C (we can keep this one)
-G does not bind to A (we can keep this one)
-A does bind to T (cross this out)
Question 5
The information in the passage best supports the conclusion that intron 8 of HSP110 most
likely contains which of the following?
A. Stop codon
B. Splice acceptor site
C. HSP110 gene promoter
D. Partial coding sequence of HSP110
CORRECT ANSWER
B. Splice acceptor site
-go back to paragraph 2. the author talks about intron 8 of HSP110.
-First part of the paragraph mentions deletions of 3 to 8 base pairs in the 17-thymine
nucleotide microsatellite (T17) located in intron 8.
-the larger HSP110 T17 deletions cause exon 9 to be omitted from the final sequence
during pre-mRNA processing. this generates a stop codon in exon 10 and the mutant
protein HSP110 delta E9.
-How could exon 9 be omitted? splicing.
-alternative splicing occurs during gene expression and allows for the production of
multiple proteins (protein isoforms) from a single gene coding. this can occur due to the
different ways in which an exon can b exluded from or included in the messenger RNA. It
can also occur if portions on an exon are excluded/included or if there is an inclusion or
introns.
4
