Special Education Praxis
5354
Updated Questions and
Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep
and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,Behavior: Applied Behavior Analysis Application of learning principles derived from operant condition; used to increase or
decrease specific behaviors
Disability: Apraxia of speech Childhood Apraxia of Speech: (CAS) Speech and language disorder comprising
both a speech disorder, caused by oral-motor difficulty, and a language disorder,
characterized by the resultant limitations of expression.
uncommon speech disorder in which a child has difficulty making accurate
movements when speaking; brain struggles to plan, directing or coordinating
speech movement
marker signs (signs that distinguish CAS from other language disorders)
1. difficulty moving smoothly from one sound, syllable, or word to another
2. groping movements with the jaw, lips or tongue
3. vowel distortions
4. using wrong stress in word
5. using equal emphasis on all syllables
6. separation of syllables
7. inconsistency (making different errors in the same work)
8. difficulty imitating simple words
9. inconsistent voicing errors: down instead of town
Other signs:
reduced amount of babbling from ages 7 to 12 months
speaking first words late (after 12 0r 18 months)
using a limited number of consonants and vowels
frequently leaving out sounds
difficult to understand speech
often can't determine the cause
associated conditions
delayed language
delays in intellectual or motor development
problems with reading, spelling and writing
hypersensitivity
difficulties with gross and fine motor movement skills or coordination
Behavior: Adaptive behavior the ability of an individual to meet the standards of personal independence as well
as social responsibility appropriate for his or her chronological age and culture
group
Disability: Asperger Syndrome
Developmental Delay a term defined by individual states referring to children ages 3-9 who perform
significantly below developmental norms. For example, one state defines it as being
at least 25% below the mean...or perhaps 2 or more standard deviations below
mean.
Developmental: At risk an infant or child who has a high probability of exhibiting delays in development or
developing a disability because of harmful biological, environmental or genetic
conditions
IEP: Related Services services defined by federal law whose purpose is to assist a student with
exceptionalities in deriving benefit from a special education:
speech language pathologists,
social workers
occupational therapists
audiology
interpreting services
medical services
physical therapy
psychology
rehab
vocational education
,Category label assigned to individuals who share common characteristics and features.
IDEA: Categories of IDEA 2004 identifies 13 categories of disability:
Autism,
deaf-blindness,
developmental delay,
emotional disturbance,
hearing impairments including deafness, intellectual disability,
multiple disabilities,
orthopedic impairments,
other health impairments,
specific learning disabilities,
speech or language impairments,
traumatic brain injury,
visual impairments including blindness.
Noncategorical programs developed based on student needs and common instructional
requirements rather than on disability
Disability: Specific Learning Disability largest number of students
Incidence a rate of inception; number of new cases appearing in the population within a
specific time period
prevalence the total number of individuals in a given category during a particular period of time
Instruction: self contained a separate classroom for children with disabilities, usually found in a public school
collaboration how individuals work together; a style of interaction among professionals
IEP: Individualized Education Program a written detained plan developed by a team for each pupil ages 3- 21 who receives
a special education
A legal document that describes the services that are to be provided to a student
with a disability who qualifies for special education services
*in the IEP, school personnel must specific the long- and short-term goals of the
instructional program.
IEPs must be based on a comprehensive assessment by multidisciplinary team.
Plans for implementing the instructional program
*parents have the right to agree or disagree with the contents of the program
consultation A focused problem solving process in which one individuals offers support and
expertise to another person
, IEP: Service team - multidisciplinary a group of professional from different disciplines who function as a team but perform
their roles independent of one another
Least collaborative
each usually performs his or her assessments, interventions, and other tasks
independent of the others.
high degree of professional autonomy and minimal integration. there is little
coordination or collaboration across disciplines
Parents are passive recipients of information regarding their child
IEP: Service team - Interdisciplinary a group of professionals from difference disciplines who function as a team but work
independently.; recommendations, however, are the result of sharing information
and joint planning
evaluations are performed independently but program development and
instructional recommendations are the result of information sharing and joint
planning;
significant cooperation; greater communication, coordination and collaboration
direct services are performed in isolation
IEP: Service team - transdisciplinary a group of professionals from difference disciplines who function as ta team but
work independently;; however, they share roles and peer is identified as the primary
interventionist
highly collaborative; role sharing;
Instruction: cooperative teaching an instructional approach in which a special education teacher and a general
educator teach together in a general education classroom to a heterogeneous
group of students.
types:
One teach, one observe: special educator
circulates, gathering information on specific
pupil, a small group of students or targeted
behaviors across the class
one teach, one support: one teacher takes the
instructional lead while the other provides
support and assistance to the students
station teaching: Lesson is divided into two or
more segments and presented in different
locations in the classroom. one teacher
presents one portion of the lesson while the
other teacher provides a different portion. then
groups rotate.
parallel teaching: instruction is planned jointly but
is delivered by each teacher to one half of a
heterogeneous group of learners; lots of
coordination; low teacher-pupil ratio
alternative teaching: one teacher provides instruction to the larger group while the
other teacher interacts with a small group of students; remedial and enrichment;
may lead to students with disabilities being pulled out all the time
Instruction: Team Teaching
Instruction: Station Teaching
5354
Updated Questions and
Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep
and Comprehensive
Rationales Included
,Behavior: Applied Behavior Analysis Application of learning principles derived from operant condition; used to increase or
decrease specific behaviors
Disability: Apraxia of speech Childhood Apraxia of Speech: (CAS) Speech and language disorder comprising
both a speech disorder, caused by oral-motor difficulty, and a language disorder,
characterized by the resultant limitations of expression.
uncommon speech disorder in which a child has difficulty making accurate
movements when speaking; brain struggles to plan, directing or coordinating
speech movement
marker signs (signs that distinguish CAS from other language disorders)
1. difficulty moving smoothly from one sound, syllable, or word to another
2. groping movements with the jaw, lips or tongue
3. vowel distortions
4. using wrong stress in word
5. using equal emphasis on all syllables
6. separation of syllables
7. inconsistency (making different errors in the same work)
8. difficulty imitating simple words
9. inconsistent voicing errors: down instead of town
Other signs:
reduced amount of babbling from ages 7 to 12 months
speaking first words late (after 12 0r 18 months)
using a limited number of consonants and vowels
frequently leaving out sounds
difficult to understand speech
often can't determine the cause
associated conditions
delayed language
delays in intellectual or motor development
problems with reading, spelling and writing
hypersensitivity
difficulties with gross and fine motor movement skills or coordination
Behavior: Adaptive behavior the ability of an individual to meet the standards of personal independence as well
as social responsibility appropriate for his or her chronological age and culture
group
Disability: Asperger Syndrome
Developmental Delay a term defined by individual states referring to children ages 3-9 who perform
significantly below developmental norms. For example, one state defines it as being
at least 25% below the mean...or perhaps 2 or more standard deviations below
mean.
Developmental: At risk an infant or child who has a high probability of exhibiting delays in development or
developing a disability because of harmful biological, environmental or genetic
conditions
IEP: Related Services services defined by federal law whose purpose is to assist a student with
exceptionalities in deriving benefit from a special education:
speech language pathologists,
social workers
occupational therapists
audiology
interpreting services
medical services
physical therapy
psychology
rehab
vocational education
,Category label assigned to individuals who share common characteristics and features.
IDEA: Categories of IDEA 2004 identifies 13 categories of disability:
Autism,
deaf-blindness,
developmental delay,
emotional disturbance,
hearing impairments including deafness, intellectual disability,
multiple disabilities,
orthopedic impairments,
other health impairments,
specific learning disabilities,
speech or language impairments,
traumatic brain injury,
visual impairments including blindness.
Noncategorical programs developed based on student needs and common instructional
requirements rather than on disability
Disability: Specific Learning Disability largest number of students
Incidence a rate of inception; number of new cases appearing in the population within a
specific time period
prevalence the total number of individuals in a given category during a particular period of time
Instruction: self contained a separate classroom for children with disabilities, usually found in a public school
collaboration how individuals work together; a style of interaction among professionals
IEP: Individualized Education Program a written detained plan developed by a team for each pupil ages 3- 21 who receives
a special education
A legal document that describes the services that are to be provided to a student
with a disability who qualifies for special education services
*in the IEP, school personnel must specific the long- and short-term goals of the
instructional program.
IEPs must be based on a comprehensive assessment by multidisciplinary team.
Plans for implementing the instructional program
*parents have the right to agree or disagree with the contents of the program
consultation A focused problem solving process in which one individuals offers support and
expertise to another person
, IEP: Service team - multidisciplinary a group of professional from different disciplines who function as a team but perform
their roles independent of one another
Least collaborative
each usually performs his or her assessments, interventions, and other tasks
independent of the others.
high degree of professional autonomy and minimal integration. there is little
coordination or collaboration across disciplines
Parents are passive recipients of information regarding their child
IEP: Service team - Interdisciplinary a group of professionals from difference disciplines who function as a team but work
independently.; recommendations, however, are the result of sharing information
and joint planning
evaluations are performed independently but program development and
instructional recommendations are the result of information sharing and joint
planning;
significant cooperation; greater communication, coordination and collaboration
direct services are performed in isolation
IEP: Service team - transdisciplinary a group of professionals from difference disciplines who function as ta team but
work independently;; however, they share roles and peer is identified as the primary
interventionist
highly collaborative; role sharing;
Instruction: cooperative teaching an instructional approach in which a special education teacher and a general
educator teach together in a general education classroom to a heterogeneous
group of students.
types:
One teach, one observe: special educator
circulates, gathering information on specific
pupil, a small group of students or targeted
behaviors across the class
one teach, one support: one teacher takes the
instructional lead while the other provides
support and assistance to the students
station teaching: Lesson is divided into two or
more segments and presented in different
locations in the classroom. one teacher
presents one portion of the lesson while the
other teacher provides a different portion. then
groups rotate.
parallel teaching: instruction is planned jointly but
is delivered by each teacher to one half of a
heterogeneous group of learners; lots of
coordination; low teacher-pupil ratio
alternative teaching: one teacher provides instruction to the larger group while the
other teacher interacts with a small group of students; remedial and enrichment;
may lead to students with disabilities being pulled out all the time
Instruction: Team Teaching
Instruction: Station Teaching
