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A PALS resuscitation team is preparing to defibrillate a child experiencing cardiac
arrest. For which rhythm(s) would this action be appropriate?
ANS: pVT
VF
A provider is assessing a child with suspected shock. Which statement correctly
describes hypotension and shock?
ANS: Hypotension is not a consistent feature of shock presentation in children.
A provider is caring for a 4-year-old child in the urgent care clinic. Primary
assessment reveals difficulty breathing and an oxygen saturation of 91%. The
provider administers oxygen by nasal cannula with the goal of improving the
child's oxygen saturation to what percentage range?
ANS: 94% to 99%
A provider is forming an initial impression of a child using the Pediatric
Assessment Triangle (PAT). For which part of the PAT may the provider use the
mnemonic TICLS to assess the patient?
ANS: Appearance
After ROSC, a child is experiencing post-cardiac arrest hypoperfusion. The PALS
resuscitation team would administer which element to restore intravascular volume
and optimize preload?
ANS: Isotonic fluid boluses
An 8-year-old child being treated in the emergency department has significant
respiratory distress. The child also exhibits hives, wheezing, angioedema,
tachycardia and dyspnea. The parents state that the child, who is allergic to
peanuts, had eaten some popcorn that had peanuts in it. The team initiates care,
preparing to administer which agent first?
ANS: Epinephrine
A 7-year-old child collapses on the playground at school. The school nurse is
called to the scene and determines that the child is unresponsive and is not
, breathing and has no pulse. The nurse initiates CPR. At what rate and depth would
the nurse deliver compressions to this child?
ANS: 100 to 120 compressions per minute at a depth of about 2 inches
A 7-year-old patient with septic shock has received three balanced/buffered
crystalloid fluid boluses (60-mL/kg) and reassessment reveals capillary refill of 3
seconds, diminished pulses, narrow pulse pressure and cool, mottled extremities.
The emergency response team interprets these findings as indicating which type of
septic shock?
ANS: Fluid-refractory
A 9-year-old child is brought to the emergency department because the child
suddenly collapsed at school. The child's ECG reveals the following waveform,
and primary assessment findings indicate that the child has inadequate perfusion.
Which primary assessment findings indicate this?
ANS: Signs of shock
Acutely altered mental status
Hypotension
A 9-year-old patient is presenting with diminished breath sounds, bradycardia,
slowed respiratory rate and a low O2 saturation level. The provider interprets these
findings as indicating which condition?
ANS: Respiratory failure
A 10-year-old child has collapsed in the gym of the elementary school. The school
nurse arrives and determines that the child is unresponsive. The school nurse then
simultaneously checks for breathing and a central pulse, limiting this assessment to
which time frame?
ANS: No more than 10 seconds
A 12-year-old child being evaluated in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the
following ECG waveform. The team interprets this as which arrhythmia?
ANS: Second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type I
An 11-year-old child develops ventricular tachycardia with a pulse with inadequate
perfusion. The PALS team would prepare the child for which intervention?
ANS: Synchronized electrical cardioversion