Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Thursday 4 June 2026
Mark Scheme (Results)
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 45 minutes) Paper
reference 9BI0/01
Biology B
Summer 2026
Advanced
PAPER 1: Advanced Biochemistry, Microbiology and
Genetics
You must have: Total Marks
Scientific calculator, HB pencil, ruler
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, 9BI0/01
Edexcel Advanced Level In Biology B
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 90.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• structure
In questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related
or follow on from each other where appropriate.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P79062APearson Education Ltd.
P:1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
*P79062A0132*
, Answer ALL questions.
Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross . Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by the UK’s
1 Gel electrophoresis can be used to determine the parents of a child. largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications
including academic, vocational, occupational and specific
The diagram shows the results of agarose gel electrophoresis analysis for a child and
programmes for employers. For further information visit our
four possible sets of parents.
qualifications websites at or .
Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our
Set 1 Set 2 Set 3 Set 4
Child contact us page at
Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male
helping people progress, everywhere
aspires to be the world’s leading learning company. Our aim is to help
everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe in every kind of
learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We’ve been
involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in
100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to
high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find
out more about how we can help you and your students at:
(a) Which property separates out the DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis?
(1)
A charge
B colour
C size
D solubility
Summer 2026
Question Paper Log Number P79062A
Publication Code 9BI0_01_2606_MS
All the material in this publication is
2
*P79062A0232*
, (b) Explain how this analysis can be used to determine the parents of this child. General Marking Guidance
(2)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the
first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
Ethidium bromide can be used to stain the DNA.
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
Ethidium bromide is added to the liquid agarose before the gel plates are poured. mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
The final concentration of ethidium bromide in the liquid agarose should be candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
500 ng cm–3.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles
Calculate the mass, in µg, of ethidium bromide that has to be added to 0.8 dm3 of by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
liquid agarose.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme
(1)
to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
Answer .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . µg
(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)
3
*P79062A0332* Turn over
, Question Answer Mark
Number
2 In many flowering plants, male gametes and female gametes form in the same flower.
1(a) (1)
These plants have developed methods to prevent the male gametes from fertilising The only correct answer is C
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
the female gametes (self‑fertilisation).
A is incorrect because all DNA fragments have the same charge (density)
(a) Explain the importance to the plants of preventing self‑fertilisation.
B is incorrect because colour would not work
(2)
D is incorrect because the DNA fragments are separated according to size
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number
1(b) An explanation that makes reference to the following: DO NOT ACCEPT similar (2)
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• by comparing the position/distance that the bands have travelled (1) ACCEPT band patterns can be compared
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• all the child’s bands must be present in both parents’ bands combined ACCEPT every band must be in either
(1) parent 1 or 2/ the child bands match the
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
parents in set 2
(b) Some plants produce stigma and pollen proteins. These proteins are produced by
genes at the S‑locus.
If the stigma and pollen proteins match, the pollen tubes cannot grow.
(i) Explain why this method prevents self‑fertilisation. Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
(2) Number
1 (1)
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• 400 (µg) (1) 0.8 dm3 = 800 cm3
500ng = 0.5 µg
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 × 800 = 400
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
*P79062A0432*
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Thursday 4 June 2026
Mark Scheme (Results)
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 45 minutes) Paper
reference 9BI0/01
Biology B
Summer 2026
Advanced
PAPER 1: Advanced Biochemistry, Microbiology and
Genetics
You must have: Total Marks
Scientific calculator, HB pencil, ruler
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, 9BI0/01
Edexcel Advanced Level In Biology B
centre number and candidate number.
•• Answer all questions.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 90.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
• structure
In questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your ability to
your answer logically, showing how the points that you make are related
or follow on from each other where appropriate.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P79062APearson Education Ltd.
P:1/1/1/1/1/1/1/
*P79062A0132*
, Answer ALL questions.
Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross . Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by the UK’s
1 Gel electrophoresis can be used to determine the parents of a child. largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications
including academic, vocational, occupational and specific
The diagram shows the results of agarose gel electrophoresis analysis for a child and
programmes for employers. For further information visit our
four possible sets of parents.
qualifications websites at or .
Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our
Set 1 Set 2 Set 3 Set 4
Child contact us page at
Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male
helping people progress, everywhere
aspires to be the world’s leading learning company. Our aim is to help
everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe in every kind of
learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We’ve been
involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in
100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to
high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find
out more about how we can help you and your students at:
(a) Which property separates out the DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis?
(1)
A charge
B colour
C size
D solubility
Summer 2026
Question Paper Log Number P79062A
Publication Code 9BI0_01_2606_MS
All the material in this publication is
2
*P79062A0232*
, (b) Explain how this analysis can be used to determine the parents of this child. General Marking Guidance
(2)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the
first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
Ethidium bromide can be used to stain the DNA.
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
Ethidium bromide is added to the liquid agarose before the gel plates are poured. mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
The final concentration of ethidium bromide in the liquid agarose should be candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
500 ng cm–3.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles
Calculate the mass, in µg, of ethidium bromide that has to be added to 0.8 dm3 of by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
liquid agarose.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme
(1)
to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
Answer .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . µg
(Total for Question 1 = 4 marks)
3
*P79062A0332* Turn over
, Question Answer Mark
Number
2 In many flowering plants, male gametes and female gametes form in the same flower.
1(a) (1)
These plants have developed methods to prevent the male gametes from fertilising The only correct answer is C
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
the female gametes (self‑fertilisation).
A is incorrect because all DNA fragments have the same charge (density)
(a) Explain the importance to the plants of preventing self‑fertilisation.
B is incorrect because colour would not work
(2)
D is incorrect because the DNA fragments are separated according to size
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number
1(b) An explanation that makes reference to the following: DO NOT ACCEPT similar (2)
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• by comparing the position/distance that the bands have travelled (1) ACCEPT band patterns can be compared
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• all the child’s bands must be present in both parents’ bands combined ACCEPT every band must be in either
(1) parent 1 or 2/ the child bands match the
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
parents in set 2
(b) Some plants produce stigma and pollen proteins. These proteins are produced by
genes at the S‑locus.
If the stigma and pollen proteins match, the pollen tubes cannot grow.
(i) Explain why this method prevents self‑fertilisation. Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark
(2) Number
1 (1)
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• 400 (µg) (1) 0.8 dm3 = 800 cm3
500ng = 0.5 µg
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 × 800 = 400
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
*P79062A0432*
