NUSC 1165 EXAM 2 2026 PRACTICE TEST
PACK COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
INSIGHTS
◉ What are digestive hormones?
Answer: Chemical messengers produced in one organ, released into
the blood, and causing responses at other locations.
◉ What do digestive hormones do?
Answer: Help prepare different areas of the gut for food, regulate
digestion, and regulate the rate food moves through the system.
◉ Name two digestive hormones from the study sheet.
Answer: Gastrin and secretin.
◉ What is the cephalic response?
Answer: Signals from the nervous system that prepare the digestive
system to process food.
◉ What activates the cephalic response?
Answer: Sight, sound, and smell of food.
,◉ What happens in the mouth during digestion?
Answer: Mechanical digestion by chewing and chemical digestion by
secreted enzymes.
◉ What does saliva do?
Answer: Moistens food, cleanses the mouth, protects teeth, and
lubricates the upper digestive tract.
◉ What enzyme in saliva blocks bacterial growth that contributes to
tooth decay?
Answer: Lysozyme.
◉ What is a bolus?
Answer: A mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed.
◉ What is the pharynx?
Answer: The funnel-shaped opening in the back of the throat
responsible for swallowing the bolus.
◉ Why is the pharynx shared by two systems?
Answer: It is used by both the digestive and respiratory systems.
◉ What is the epiglottis?
,Answer: The flap that blocks the airway to the lungs as food passes
into the digestive tract.
◉ What is the function of the esophagus?
Answer: It connects the pharynx to the stomach.
◉ What is peristalsis?
Answer: Vertical muscular contractions that propel food through the
GI tract.
◉ What is the function of a sphincter?
Answer: It regulates the passage of food from one region to another,
such as into the stomach.
◉ What are the main functions of the stomach?
Answer: Temporary food storage, mixing food, and protein digestion.
◉ What is chyme?
Answer: The mixture formed when the stomach mixes the bolus
with HCl and digestive secretions.
◉ What does HCl do in the stomach?
, Answer: Acidifies food contents, destroys harmful bacteria, and
activates pepsinogen to pepsin.
◉ What happens to salivary amylase in the stomach?
Answer: It is inactivated by stomach acid.
◉ What does pepsin do?
Answer: Breaks down protein.
◉ During the cephalic response, what happens to stomach motility?
Answer: It increases.
◉ What hormone is released in response to stomach stimulation and
increases gastric secretion and motility?
Answer: Gastrin.
◉ What happens when food enters the stomach?
Answer: Further nerve stimulation occurs and gastrin is released.
◉ What happens when distention occurs in the small intestine?
Answer: Hormones and nerve signals decrease gastric secretion and
motility.
PACK COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
INSIGHTS
◉ What are digestive hormones?
Answer: Chemical messengers produced in one organ, released into
the blood, and causing responses at other locations.
◉ What do digestive hormones do?
Answer: Help prepare different areas of the gut for food, regulate
digestion, and regulate the rate food moves through the system.
◉ Name two digestive hormones from the study sheet.
Answer: Gastrin and secretin.
◉ What is the cephalic response?
Answer: Signals from the nervous system that prepare the digestive
system to process food.
◉ What activates the cephalic response?
Answer: Sight, sound, and smell of food.
,◉ What happens in the mouth during digestion?
Answer: Mechanical digestion by chewing and chemical digestion by
secreted enzymes.
◉ What does saliva do?
Answer: Moistens food, cleanses the mouth, protects teeth, and
lubricates the upper digestive tract.
◉ What enzyme in saliva blocks bacterial growth that contributes to
tooth decay?
Answer: Lysozyme.
◉ What is a bolus?
Answer: A mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed.
◉ What is the pharynx?
Answer: The funnel-shaped opening in the back of the throat
responsible for swallowing the bolus.
◉ Why is the pharynx shared by two systems?
Answer: It is used by both the digestive and respiratory systems.
◉ What is the epiglottis?
,Answer: The flap that blocks the airway to the lungs as food passes
into the digestive tract.
◉ What is the function of the esophagus?
Answer: It connects the pharynx to the stomach.
◉ What is peristalsis?
Answer: Vertical muscular contractions that propel food through the
GI tract.
◉ What is the function of a sphincter?
Answer: It regulates the passage of food from one region to another,
such as into the stomach.
◉ What are the main functions of the stomach?
Answer: Temporary food storage, mixing food, and protein digestion.
◉ What is chyme?
Answer: The mixture formed when the stomach mixes the bolus
with HCl and digestive secretions.
◉ What does HCl do in the stomach?
, Answer: Acidifies food contents, destroys harmful bacteria, and
activates pepsinogen to pepsin.
◉ What happens to salivary amylase in the stomach?
Answer: It is inactivated by stomach acid.
◉ What does pepsin do?
Answer: Breaks down protein.
◉ During the cephalic response, what happens to stomach motility?
Answer: It increases.
◉ What hormone is released in response to stomach stimulation and
increases gastric secretion and motility?
Answer: Gastrin.
◉ What happens when food enters the stomach?
Answer: Further nerve stimulation occurs and gastrin is released.
◉ What happens when distention occurs in the small intestine?
Answer: Hormones and nerve signals decrease gastric secretion and
motility.
