DESIGNED FOR CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS LEVEL HISTORY
How well was France governed, 1793–
99?
Convention War and rebellion Terror Thermidor Directory Finance Military power
Political survival
France, 1774–1814 • Unit 1.3
,1.3
Enquiry focus and learning outcomes
Knowledge Analysis Evaluation Examination
Explain instability under Connect war, economic Build thematic arguments
Judge policy using security,
the Convention, the Terror, crisis, factional conflict and supported by precise
legitimacy, liberty,
Thermidor and the changing forms of evidence and balanced
prosperity and stability.
Directory. government. conclusions.
02
,1.3
Criteria for effective government
National Constitutional Economic Political
Civil liberty
survival legitimacy management stability
Did government Did citizens receive Could authority
Could the regime Could government
follow law and fair trial, free survive without
defeat invasion, control inflation,
respect expression and repeated purges,
civil war and taxation, debt and
representative protection from coups or military
counter-revolution? food supply?
institutions? arbitrary power? coercion?
03
, 1.3
The central argument
Revolutionary government The Directory
The Convention and its committees mobilised
The regime protected property and ended mass
France and defeated existential threats. They
Terror. It improved taxation and won major wars,
suspended the 1793 Constitution and accepted
but weak constitutional design, coups and army
systematic coercion, political purges and mass
dependence destroyed representative legitimacy.
violence.
04
How well was France governed, 1793–
99?
Convention War and rebellion Terror Thermidor Directory Finance Military power
Political survival
France, 1774–1814 • Unit 1.3
,1.3
Enquiry focus and learning outcomes
Knowledge Analysis Evaluation Examination
Explain instability under Connect war, economic Build thematic arguments
Judge policy using security,
the Convention, the Terror, crisis, factional conflict and supported by precise
legitimacy, liberty,
Thermidor and the changing forms of evidence and balanced
prosperity and stability.
Directory. government. conclusions.
02
,1.3
Criteria for effective government
National Constitutional Economic Political
Civil liberty
survival legitimacy management stability
Did government Did citizens receive Could authority
Could the regime Could government
follow law and fair trial, free survive without
defeat invasion, control inflation,
respect expression and repeated purges,
civil war and taxation, debt and
representative protection from coups or military
counter-revolution? food supply?
institutions? arbitrary power? coercion?
03
, 1.3
The central argument
Revolutionary government The Directory
The Convention and its committees mobilised
The regime protected property and ended mass
France and defeated existential threats. They
Terror. It improved taxation and won major wars,
suspended the 1793 Constitution and accepted
but weak constitutional design, coups and army
systematic coercion, political purges and mass
dependence destroyed representative legitimacy.
violence.
04
