TEST BANK For Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology, 5th Edition by Tommie L Norris, All 1-52 Chapters Covered ,Latest Edition ISBN: 9781975107208|Complete Practice Questions with Answers

TEST BANK For Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology
5th Edition by Tommie L Norris
All Chapters 1 - 52

,Porth’s Essentials of Pathophysiology 5th Edition Test Bank
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Ch 1- Concepts of Health and Disease
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1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focusedo
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n the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following commentsma
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de by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a good r
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epresentation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as bookr ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



eviews and word games during social time ni ni ni ni ni ni



B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled caref ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



acilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabete ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



s mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cookingclasses
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D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysiss ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



essions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young childrenA ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



NSWER: A, B, C, E ni ni ni ni



Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and soc
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ial well- ni



being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging in book reviews fa
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cilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-
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being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical well-
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being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vitalin the preventio
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n of disease and spread of germs.
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2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large vari
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ety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is referri
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ng to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health andHuman
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Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which would be c
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onsidered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American des
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cent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
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B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to hyperchol
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esterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to manyh
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ealth care facilities. ni ni



ANSWER: B ni



Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using alternati
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ve therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and promoting health f
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or all (which includes having good health care benefits); and promoting good health (whi
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ch includes living in a clean community with good access tohealth care). A client's nonco
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mpliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levelswithin the presence of a family
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history of CV disease does not meet the “attaining lives free of preventable disease and p
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remature death” determinant. ni ni

,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large, univers
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ity hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation between disea
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ses that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.Which of the fo
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llowing patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of molecules that cause dise
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ase?
A) A 31-year- ni



old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion ofpacked red b
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lood cells ni



B) A 91-year- ni



old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting fromfamilial hyp
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ercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year- ni



old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygentherapy and
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chest physiotherapy ni



D) A 30-year- ni



old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) andis HIV posit
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ive.
ANSWER: D ni



Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sicklece
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ll anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the effect
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s of abnormal molecules.
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4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a nu
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mber of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the followingaspe
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cts of clients' situations bN
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ctGerTizBes paOthMogenesis rather than etiology?
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A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
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B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
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ANSWER: B ni



Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as thein
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creasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and traumati
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c injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
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, 5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has arrive
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d to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of the patho
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genesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the patientverifies to
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the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings about coronary artery disease?
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A) “All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart attacks.”
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B) “My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty foods likeFr
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ench fries every day.” ni ni ni



C) “Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that made ite ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



asy to form fatty streaks, which lead to my clogged artery.”
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D) “If I do not exercise regularly to get my heart rate up, blood pools in the veins caus
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ing a clot that stops blood flow to the muscle, and I will have a heart attack.”
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ANSWER: C ni



Feedback:
The true etiology/cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown; however, the path
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ogenesis of the disorder relates to the progression of the inflammatory process froma fatty
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streak to the occlusive vessel lesion seen in people with coronary artery disease. Risk fact
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ors for CAD revolve around cigarette smoking, diet high in fat, and lack of exercise.
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6. A 77-year-ni



old man is a hospital inpatient admitted for exacerbation of his chronic obstructive pulmo
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nary disease (COPD), and a respiratory therapist (RT) is assessing theclient for the first ti
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me. WhicN h ofRtheIfN
olG
niloTwBin.gCaO
spMects of the patient's current state of health would be best ch
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aracterized as a symptom rather than a sign? ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



A) The patient's oxygen saturation is 83% by pulse oxymetry.
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B) The patient notes that he has increased work of breathing when lying supine.
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C) The RT hears diminished breath sounds to the patient's lower lung fieldsb
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ilaterally.
D) The patient's respiratory rate is 31 breaths/minute. ni ni ni ni ni ni ni



ANSWER: B ni



Feedback:
Symptoms are subjective complaints by the person experiencing the health problem,s
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uch as complaints of breathing difficulty. Oxygen levels, listening to breath sounds,an
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d respiratory rate are all objective, observable signs of disease.
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