Bio for major (Science of biology Chemistry of life)
What is a hypothesis? A tentative explanation that can be tested by experiments
3 multiple choice options
When carrying out a controlled experiment, it is important Change only one variable at a time while keeping all other relevant conditions the
to: same.
What is biology? The scientific study of life.
What characteristics must a scientific idea have? It must be explanatory, tentative, testable, falsifiable, measurable or observable,
and mechanistic.
What are the two main approaches used to understand Discovery (descriptive) science and hypothesis-based science (the scientific
nature? method).
What is discovery science? An approach that describes nature through observations and collected data.
What is hypothesis-based science? An approach that proposes and tests tentative explanations for observations.
What is a hypothesis? A specifically stated, tentative explanation for an observed phenomenon that can be
tested and falsified.
Can a hypothesis be proven? No. Evidence can support or fail to falsify it, but a hypothesis remains tentative.
What does falsifiable mean? The hypothesis could be shown to be incorrect by evidence or an appropriate test.
What is a prediction? A specific expected result that should occur if a hypothesis is correct.
What is the basic sequence of scientific inquiry? Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, test, and conclusion.
Why are controls important in an experiment? They help determine whether the tested variable, rather than another factor, caused
the result.
What should be changed in a controlled experiment? Only one experimental variable at a time while other relevant conditions are kept the
same.
Why is repetition important in scientific research? Repeated trials and larger samples make results more reliable and reduce the effect
of chance.
, Bio for major (Science of biology Chemistry of life)
In the kingsnake mimicry experiment, what was the An artificial scarlet kingsnake with the warning color pattern.
experimental model?
In the kingsnake mimicry experiment, what was the control An artificial brown snake without the warning color pattern.
model?
What did the kingsnake mimicry experiment test? Whether resembling a venomous coral snake protects nonvenomous scarlet
kingsnakes from predators.
Why must artificial snake models have the same size, To control confounding factors so color pattern is the main difference tested.
location, and exposure time?
How does an observational study differ from an An observational study records natural patterns without manipulating a variable; an
experiment? experiment manipulates a variable under controlled conditions.
What is a scientific theory? A broad explanation supported by a large body of evidence that remains testable,
tentative, and falsifiable.
How is a theory broader than a hypothesis? A theory explains a wide range of observations and can generate many new
testable hypotheses.
Two examples of scientific theories are. The theory of evolution by natural selection and cell theory.
What is a major limitation of science? Science can investigate only questions involving phenomena that can be observed
and measured.
What practical limits can affect scientific studies? Temporal, spatial, and ethical limits.
What does an IRB oversee? Research involving human participants.
What does an IACUC oversee? The ethical care and use of animals in research.
What are the seven common properties of living Order, regulation, growth and development, energy utilization, response to the
organisms? environment, reproduction, and evolutionary adaptation.
What are the four main elements found in most Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen (H, O, C, and N).
organisms?
What basic structures are shared by prokaryotic and A plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.
eukaryotic cells?
What is a hypothesis? A tentative explanation that can be tested by experiments
3 multiple choice options
When carrying out a controlled experiment, it is important Change only one variable at a time while keeping all other relevant conditions the
to: same.
What is biology? The scientific study of life.
What characteristics must a scientific idea have? It must be explanatory, tentative, testable, falsifiable, measurable or observable,
and mechanistic.
What are the two main approaches used to understand Discovery (descriptive) science and hypothesis-based science (the scientific
nature? method).
What is discovery science? An approach that describes nature through observations and collected data.
What is hypothesis-based science? An approach that proposes and tests tentative explanations for observations.
What is a hypothesis? A specifically stated, tentative explanation for an observed phenomenon that can be
tested and falsified.
Can a hypothesis be proven? No. Evidence can support or fail to falsify it, but a hypothesis remains tentative.
What does falsifiable mean? The hypothesis could be shown to be incorrect by evidence or an appropriate test.
What is a prediction? A specific expected result that should occur if a hypothesis is correct.
What is the basic sequence of scientific inquiry? Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, test, and conclusion.
Why are controls important in an experiment? They help determine whether the tested variable, rather than another factor, caused
the result.
What should be changed in a controlled experiment? Only one experimental variable at a time while other relevant conditions are kept the
same.
Why is repetition important in scientific research? Repeated trials and larger samples make results more reliable and reduce the effect
of chance.
, Bio for major (Science of biology Chemistry of life)
In the kingsnake mimicry experiment, what was the An artificial scarlet kingsnake with the warning color pattern.
experimental model?
In the kingsnake mimicry experiment, what was the control An artificial brown snake without the warning color pattern.
model?
What did the kingsnake mimicry experiment test? Whether resembling a venomous coral snake protects nonvenomous scarlet
kingsnakes from predators.
Why must artificial snake models have the same size, To control confounding factors so color pattern is the main difference tested.
location, and exposure time?
How does an observational study differ from an An observational study records natural patterns without manipulating a variable; an
experiment? experiment manipulates a variable under controlled conditions.
What is a scientific theory? A broad explanation supported by a large body of evidence that remains testable,
tentative, and falsifiable.
How is a theory broader than a hypothesis? A theory explains a wide range of observations and can generate many new
testable hypotheses.
Two examples of scientific theories are. The theory of evolution by natural selection and cell theory.
What is a major limitation of science? Science can investigate only questions involving phenomena that can be observed
and measured.
What practical limits can affect scientific studies? Temporal, spatial, and ethical limits.
What does an IRB oversee? Research involving human participants.
What does an IACUC oversee? The ethical care and use of animals in research.
What are the seven common properties of living Order, regulation, growth and development, energy utilization, response to the
organisms? environment, reproduction, and evolutionary adaptation.
What are the four main elements found in most Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen (H, O, C, and N).
organisms?
What basic structures are shared by prokaryotic and A plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA.
eukaryotic cells?
