Hormonal and Barrier methods of contraception
Hormonal Barrier
Pill, implants, injections, patches Male and female condoms
Influences m cycle, inhibits FSH Protects against STIs
Thickens cervical mucus Difficult sperm through Spermicide to kill sperm
Stops ova maturing each month Male version 98% effective used correctly
Stops ovulation NO side effects
99% effective prevent pregnancy No sperm reach ova
Uterine lining becomes thinner Fitted to erect penis, affected incorrect use
Increased weight, BPM No influence menstrual cycle
Oestrogen and progesterone Female 95% effective
Drugs affect how well it works Made of latex or rubber
Use under control female Use under control male/female
Does not protect against STIs Can slip off
High levels of oestrogen:
Inhibits production of FSH
Prevents ovarium follicles maturing in the ovary, prevents ova maturing in the ovaries
Does negative feedback on FSH
High levels of progesterone:
Inhibits the production of LH
No ovulation if no surge in LH so ovum cannot reach uterus for fertilisation
Does negative feedback on LH
Research
Hormonal
contains oestrogen and/or progesterone
99% effective
Reduces risk of certain types of cancer
Increased weight, mood and blood pressure
Modern pills much less oestrogen
Injections, implants, skin patches slow release progesterone
Barrier
Method Use Benefit Risk
Condom/diaphragm Prevent sperm Easy and quick to use Can rip/tear
reaching ova Put in before sex,
taken out hours later
Intrauterine devices/coil Prevent Fitted by health Small risk ectopic
implantation professional, remain pregnancy
embryo, release of in position for up to
hormone 10 years
Spermicidal agents Kill and disable Added to condoms Allergic reactions
Hormonal Barrier
Pill, implants, injections, patches Male and female condoms
Influences m cycle, inhibits FSH Protects against STIs
Thickens cervical mucus Difficult sperm through Spermicide to kill sperm
Stops ova maturing each month Male version 98% effective used correctly
Stops ovulation NO side effects
99% effective prevent pregnancy No sperm reach ova
Uterine lining becomes thinner Fitted to erect penis, affected incorrect use
Increased weight, BPM No influence menstrual cycle
Oestrogen and progesterone Female 95% effective
Drugs affect how well it works Made of latex or rubber
Use under control female Use under control male/female
Does not protect against STIs Can slip off
High levels of oestrogen:
Inhibits production of FSH
Prevents ovarium follicles maturing in the ovary, prevents ova maturing in the ovaries
Does negative feedback on FSH
High levels of progesterone:
Inhibits the production of LH
No ovulation if no surge in LH so ovum cannot reach uterus for fertilisation
Does negative feedback on LH
Research
Hormonal
contains oestrogen and/or progesterone
99% effective
Reduces risk of certain types of cancer
Increased weight, mood and blood pressure
Modern pills much less oestrogen
Injections, implants, skin patches slow release progesterone
Barrier
Method Use Benefit Risk
Condom/diaphragm Prevent sperm Easy and quick to use Can rip/tear
reaching ova Put in before sex,
taken out hours later
Intrauterine devices/coil Prevent Fitted by health Small risk ectopic
implantation professional, remain pregnancy
embryo, release of in position for up to
hormone 10 years
Spermicidal agents Kill and disable Added to condoms Allergic reactions
