NURSING FUNDAMENTALS: KEY
CONCEPTS AND PATIENT CARE
STRATEGIES EXAM WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED ANSWERS|FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST|GUARANTEED
PASS 2026/2027
How does the WHO definition of health go beyond the traditional definition?
It describes health as complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of
disease.
What is the individual perspective of health?
A person's own perception of their health.
What dimensions of health are important when it comes to connecting and communicating?
Physical, emotional, social, spiritual, intellectual, environmental, and occupational.
What is illness?
A subjective experience that can involve impairment of functioning and differs from disease.
What factors can influence a person's view or experience of illness?
Individual responses, societal expectations, and cultural expectations.
Name risk-related factors that can affect health.
Smoking/nicotine use, exercise, genetic conditions, drinking, sleep, safety, food access/transportation,
and health insurance.
What is a major characteristic of acute illness?
Rapid onset.
How does acute illness usually progress?
1|Page
,It is usually self-limiting, responds to treatment, and the person returns to baseline.
What kind of teaching is commonly associated with acute illness?
Short-term client education.
Give an example of an acute illness.
Flu.
Can chronic illness begin rapidly or gradually?
Yes, chronic illness may have a rapid or gradual onset.
What pathology characteristic is associated with chronic illness?
Irreversible pathology.
What pattern can occur with chronic illness?
Exacerbations and remissions.
What type of care does chronic illness require?
Ongoing care.
What can a chronic illness progress to?
Terminal illness.
Give examples of chronic illness.
Type 2 diabetes and cancer.
How can illness affect an individual or family psychologically or socially?
It can affect psychosocial responses, body image, and family dynamics.
How can illness affect finances?
It can create financial impact for the individual or family.
How can illness affect function?
It can reduce functional abilities and affect the person's ability to manage disease.
How can illness affect society?
Through shared cost burden, lost productivity, and a diminished citizen role.
What is wellness?
Actively pursuing a healthy lifestyle, going beyond the absence of disease, and taking personal
responsibility.
What does holistic care address?
2|Page
, The various dimensions of health, not only physical illness.
Where is each person located in relation to health and illness?
Everyone is somewhere on the health-illness continuum.
What is the purpose of primary prevention?
Prevent disease or injury.
What does primary prevention include?
Identifying and addressing risk factors, encouraging wellness activities, and using safety measures.
What examples of primary prevention?
Vaccines/preventive care, exercise, healthy diet, stress management, not smoking or quitting, limiting
alcohol, and other healthy behaviors.
What is the purpose of secondary prevention?
Early detection and treatment.
What activities are included in secondary prevention?
Screening exams and tests, effective management of conditions, relevant teaching, ongoing monitoring,
and prompt attention to complications.
In the diabetes example, what finding represents secondary prevention?
Screening that shows elevated blood glucose and HbA1c.
What is the purpose of tertiary prevention?
Reduce the impact of long-term or chronic illness.
What activities are included in tertiary prevention?
Rehabilitation, ongoing management and monitoring, treatment of exacerbations, emotional support,
and progressive education.
In the diabetes example, what are tertiary-prevention interventions?
Dialysis, treatment of cardiovascular disease, attempts to prevent amputation/blindness, progressive
education, and client/family support.
What do primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention represent?
Primary = prevention; Secondary = screening and treatment/early detection; Tertiary = ongoing
management of chronic conditions.
What type of needs must be met before higher-level needs?
Physiological needs.
3|Page
CONCEPTS AND PATIENT CARE
STRATEGIES EXAM WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED ANSWERS|FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST|GUARANTEED
PASS 2026/2027
How does the WHO definition of health go beyond the traditional definition?
It describes health as complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of
disease.
What is the individual perspective of health?
A person's own perception of their health.
What dimensions of health are important when it comes to connecting and communicating?
Physical, emotional, social, spiritual, intellectual, environmental, and occupational.
What is illness?
A subjective experience that can involve impairment of functioning and differs from disease.
What factors can influence a person's view or experience of illness?
Individual responses, societal expectations, and cultural expectations.
Name risk-related factors that can affect health.
Smoking/nicotine use, exercise, genetic conditions, drinking, sleep, safety, food access/transportation,
and health insurance.
What is a major characteristic of acute illness?
Rapid onset.
How does acute illness usually progress?
1|Page
,It is usually self-limiting, responds to treatment, and the person returns to baseline.
What kind of teaching is commonly associated with acute illness?
Short-term client education.
Give an example of an acute illness.
Flu.
Can chronic illness begin rapidly or gradually?
Yes, chronic illness may have a rapid or gradual onset.
What pathology characteristic is associated with chronic illness?
Irreversible pathology.
What pattern can occur with chronic illness?
Exacerbations and remissions.
What type of care does chronic illness require?
Ongoing care.
What can a chronic illness progress to?
Terminal illness.
Give examples of chronic illness.
Type 2 diabetes and cancer.
How can illness affect an individual or family psychologically or socially?
It can affect psychosocial responses, body image, and family dynamics.
How can illness affect finances?
It can create financial impact for the individual or family.
How can illness affect function?
It can reduce functional abilities and affect the person's ability to manage disease.
How can illness affect society?
Through shared cost burden, lost productivity, and a diminished citizen role.
What is wellness?
Actively pursuing a healthy lifestyle, going beyond the absence of disease, and taking personal
responsibility.
What does holistic care address?
2|Page
, The various dimensions of health, not only physical illness.
Where is each person located in relation to health and illness?
Everyone is somewhere on the health-illness continuum.
What is the purpose of primary prevention?
Prevent disease or injury.
What does primary prevention include?
Identifying and addressing risk factors, encouraging wellness activities, and using safety measures.
What examples of primary prevention?
Vaccines/preventive care, exercise, healthy diet, stress management, not smoking or quitting, limiting
alcohol, and other healthy behaviors.
What is the purpose of secondary prevention?
Early detection and treatment.
What activities are included in secondary prevention?
Screening exams and tests, effective management of conditions, relevant teaching, ongoing monitoring,
and prompt attention to complications.
In the diabetes example, what finding represents secondary prevention?
Screening that shows elevated blood glucose and HbA1c.
What is the purpose of tertiary prevention?
Reduce the impact of long-term or chronic illness.
What activities are included in tertiary prevention?
Rehabilitation, ongoing management and monitoring, treatment of exacerbations, emotional support,
and progressive education.
In the diabetes example, what are tertiary-prevention interventions?
Dialysis, treatment of cardiovascular disease, attempts to prevent amputation/blindness, progressive
education, and client/family support.
What do primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention represent?
Primary = prevention; Secondary = screening and treatment/early detection; Tertiary = ongoing
management of chronic conditions.
What type of needs must be met before higher-level needs?
Physiological needs.
3|Page
