GALEN PHARM EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS
◉ Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Answer: Potassium Sparing Diuretic used for Edema
Acts on distal renal tubes to promote sodium and water excretion
and potassium retention.
Adverse Reactions: severe hyperkalemia, thrombocytopenia
◉ Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic used for increasing
urine output and edema
Action is on the renal distule tubes, promoting Na, K, and water
excretion and decreasing preload and cardiac output; also decreases
edema; acts on arterioles and causes vasodilation, thus decreasing
blood pressure
, Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia,
hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
◉ Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Osmotic Diuretic used for IOP ICP and
edema
Increases osmolality (concentration) and sodium reabsoprtion in
the proximal tubue and Loop of Henle.
Adverse Reactions: pulmonary edema, tachycardia from rapid shift
of fluids
Mannitol can crystallize so it must be warmed to dissolve crystals
before administration
◉ Prazosin (Minipress)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Alpha Adrenergic Blocker used to
control hypertension
Dilates peripheral blood vessels by blocking alpha adrenergic
receptors.
Adverse Effects: orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia
PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS
◉ Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Answer: Potassium Sparing Diuretic used for Edema
Acts on distal renal tubes to promote sodium and water excretion
and potassium retention.
Adverse Reactions: severe hyperkalemia, thrombocytopenia
◉ Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Thiazide Diuretic used for increasing
urine output and edema
Action is on the renal distule tubes, promoting Na, K, and water
excretion and decreasing preload and cardiac output; also decreases
edema; acts on arterioles and causes vasodilation, thus decreasing
blood pressure
, Adverse Reactions: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia,
hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
◉ Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Osmotic Diuretic used for IOP ICP and
edema
Increases osmolality (concentration) and sodium reabsoprtion in
the proximal tubue and Loop of Henle.
Adverse Reactions: pulmonary edema, tachycardia from rapid shift
of fluids
Mannitol can crystallize so it must be warmed to dissolve crystals
before administration
◉ Prazosin (Minipress)
Answer: Potassium Wasting Alpha Adrenergic Blocker used to
control hypertension
Dilates peripheral blood vessels by blocking alpha adrenergic
receptors.
Adverse Effects: orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia
