CHEM 219 MODULE 2 COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Thioether Structure.
Answer: R-S-R
◍ Which two reactions can serve as a qualitative test for the presence of an
alkene in an organic molecule?.
Answer: Addition of bromine (bromination) It would appear colorless and
Addition of Sulfuric Acid (it is a positive test for alkenes and soluble in the
acid mixture.)
◍ VSEPR: Linear 180 degrees.
Answer: 2 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs= 2 total
◍ How is bromine used for finding alkenes?.
Answer: The orange brown that normally appears when bromine is added to
compounds is dispersed when added to alkanes.Canbe. ualitative
◍ Methyl benzoate.
Answer: Match the IUPAC ester name to the structural formula
◍ Butyl Pentanoate.
Answer: Match the IUPAC ester name to the structural formula
◍ What are aliphatic hydrocarbons?.
Answer: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes.They are distinct in structure but undergo
similar reactions.
◍ Carboxylic acids and their derivatives tend to react by substitution at the
C=O because they have a leaving group at the carbonyl carbon where
aldehydes and ketones do not..
, Answer: Explain why carboxylic acids and their derivatives tend to react by
substitution at the C=O, while aldehydes and ketones tend to react by
addition to the C=O
◍ a) Aprotic, Sn2b) protic, Sn1c) aprotic, Sn2d) protic, Sn1.
Answer: Classify the following solvents as protic or aprotic. Would this
solvent enhance the rate of an Sn1 or Sn2 reaction?
◍ Ionic Bond.
Answer: Greater than or equal to 2.0 Definition: complete transfer of one or
more valence electrons from one atom to another atom
◍ The names of the alkanes reflect?.
Answer: The number of carbons present.
◍ 2-pentanol.
Answer: Name the following alcohol using IUPAC systematic nomenclature
◍ rules for naming alkanes.
Answer: 1. longest continues chain is parent chain 2. number parent chain
starting with the end closest to the first branch 3. name using IUPAC rules
for substituents
◍ Describe how individual resonance structures impact the true structure of a
molecule or polyatomic ion..
Answer: Each contributing individual resonance structure contributes
characteristics to the overall hybrid structure of the compound. The hybrid
"averages" bond lengths and formal charges by delocalizing them among
atoms that share them in each contributing individual resonance structure.
◍ Functional group: Carboxylic Acid.
Answer: Contain oxygenExample: Acetic Acid- Organic component of
vinegar.O and H can separate
◍ Alkanes are relatively ______.
Answer: inert (unreactive) under most conditions.
◍ Toluene.
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Thioether Structure.
Answer: R-S-R
◍ Which two reactions can serve as a qualitative test for the presence of an
alkene in an organic molecule?.
Answer: Addition of bromine (bromination) It would appear colorless and
Addition of Sulfuric Acid (it is a positive test for alkenes and soluble in the
acid mixture.)
◍ VSEPR: Linear 180 degrees.
Answer: 2 bonding pairs, 0 lone pairs= 2 total
◍ How is bromine used for finding alkenes?.
Answer: The orange brown that normally appears when bromine is added to
compounds is dispersed when added to alkanes.Canbe. ualitative
◍ Methyl benzoate.
Answer: Match the IUPAC ester name to the structural formula
◍ Butyl Pentanoate.
Answer: Match the IUPAC ester name to the structural formula
◍ What are aliphatic hydrocarbons?.
Answer: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes.They are distinct in structure but undergo
similar reactions.
◍ Carboxylic acids and their derivatives tend to react by substitution at the
C=O because they have a leaving group at the carbonyl carbon where
aldehydes and ketones do not..
, Answer: Explain why carboxylic acids and their derivatives tend to react by
substitution at the C=O, while aldehydes and ketones tend to react by
addition to the C=O
◍ a) Aprotic, Sn2b) protic, Sn1c) aprotic, Sn2d) protic, Sn1.
Answer: Classify the following solvents as protic or aprotic. Would this
solvent enhance the rate of an Sn1 or Sn2 reaction?
◍ Ionic Bond.
Answer: Greater than or equal to 2.0 Definition: complete transfer of one or
more valence electrons from one atom to another atom
◍ The names of the alkanes reflect?.
Answer: The number of carbons present.
◍ 2-pentanol.
Answer: Name the following alcohol using IUPAC systematic nomenclature
◍ rules for naming alkanes.
Answer: 1. longest continues chain is parent chain 2. number parent chain
starting with the end closest to the first branch 3. name using IUPAC rules
for substituents
◍ Describe how individual resonance structures impact the true structure of a
molecule or polyatomic ion..
Answer: Each contributing individual resonance structure contributes
characteristics to the overall hybrid structure of the compound. The hybrid
"averages" bond lengths and formal charges by delocalizing them among
atoms that share them in each contributing individual resonance structure.
◍ Functional group: Carboxylic Acid.
Answer: Contain oxygenExample: Acetic Acid- Organic component of
vinegar.O and H can separate
◍ Alkanes are relatively ______.
Answer: inert (unreactive) under most conditions.
◍ Toluene.
