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Lecture notes

SPACE PHYSICS GCSE AQA complete notes

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Concise notes for space physics topic GCSE AQA includes practice questions and markscheme answers Notes created by a grammar school student

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No.



Date (O o9 25



The solar systenn

·plane
ts
large objects that orbita s tar
dwarf plantts too small to be c lassed as proper planet
- objects that orbita
satellites
L
second more massive object
moons
artifrcial
satelli
tes Circularorbit

Orbits
gravity provides the foce to keep an object in orbit
objects travellingin a ciicleare Constantly changing directon hence they are
Con stantlyacc elero
tn9
L velocity is constantlychanging

the force Obj ects in ciiularmotin is directedtowyards the
acting
centre the ciicle

Sun.
Solar sy sten, this i qravitational
porce betueen a plantt anc


planetteying
•An orbit is the balance between the force to move in
providing acceleraton and the forward this dktecton
motion /nstantancous velocity ) the object
velocity measured at a Slngle moment
L
foree always to wards
normal velocity iS calculatedove time avcle cente



Orbital speed and radius
Size depends object's speed
force means object has to rotate fasterto remainio
sfronger qravitatonal
obit. pcloser to cen tre onal foce
Stronger gcavitat
an object Moyes aster, the rados orbitmust be smaller

, No.



Date




Lecclt stars
stars beqin
as cloud a
dust and qas
this collapses under qravity to fbrm
nebula

pro fostar
protostars go on to become a main stquence s tar

star
a main sequence star for mosf
it is stoble keepng the same
its iPefime- Sun is
size all the fime
nan seguence star


attracton tends to collansethe star
qravitational
radiafion pressurefrom fosion tends to expand the star
fovces caused by qravitational
attractiòn
and fusion energy are balanced

•In Q main nuclei
sequence star,hy drogen nudei fose together to form heliüm
> 4 He
n
hydragen helum nevtron

i Similarsize toSun
expands collapses Cools




-
red qiantstar white dwarf black dwarf
main sequence Star
booer thon un - Le red super qant s tar sype (nova neutron star/
erpands eyplodes black hole

nebula couds dust and ga
manly compoied hydrogen
- as mass folis
Profestar toqetherstar qets hot. Heat alow] fu3ion hydrogen fo
Make helium.Ths fosion releases energy keeping star'score hot

once hydrogen getsused usion process, lacgernucle making
ed qiant star up in form
star expond to a red giant

white dwar star - smallsta(Contact unde pull aravityatec vclearveacthons .lolou
changes as it cools m aking a white dwarf


Supernova larger star with more mass contaues nuclear reactans gettinghottec
and
spanding
tilif explodes as supernova.Elenents heavier than proded herc.

neutron star/blackhole - depending star mass at begunnng , supecnova (eave
either nevtron star or black hole




KOKUYO LOOSELE -816B Gmmruled<41 ines

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