1. ____ begins with a precipitating event such as a marriage, retirement, graduation, move,
pregnancy or unpredictable event such as a natural disaster, accident, death of a loved
one, being a victim of a crime or other trauma
A) Crisis
B) Assault
C) Adjustment
D) Syndrome
Correct answer: A) Crisis
A crisis is defined by a precipitating event that overwhelms normal coping mechanisms;
the other options do not specifically describe this acute onset pattern.
2. The four domains of crisis include developmental crisis, traumatic event crisis, existential
crisis, and _____ crisis
A) Psychological crisis
B) Physiological crisis
C) Psychiatric crisis
D) None of the above
Correct answer: C) Psychiatric crisis
Psychiatric crisis is the fourth domain, referring to pre-existing mental illness
exacerbated by a stressor; the other terms are not standard crisis categories.
3. During infancy children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care
and affection; lack of this will lead to ______
A) Doubt
B) Guilt
C) Mistrust
D) Inferiority
, Correct answer: C) Mistrust
Erikson's first stage (Trust vs. Mistrust) – inconsistent care leads to mistrust; doubt and
guilt appear in later stages.
4. During Erikson's school age stage children need to cope with new social and academic
demands, success leads to a sense of competence while failure results in feelings of ____
A) Doubt
B) Guilt
C) Mistrust
D) Inferiority
Correct answer: D) Inferiority
*Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority (ages 6-12) – failure to master tasks leads to
inferiority; guilt belongs to preschool initiative stage.*
5. During middle adulthood adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them
often by having children or creating a positive change that will benefit other people.
Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment while failure results in
shallow ____ in the world.
A) Identity
B) Intimacy
C) Involvement
D) Isolation
Correct answer: C) Involvement
Erikson's Generativity vs. Stagnation – failure results in stagnation or shallow
involvement; isolation belongs to young adulthood.
6. ____ is a rather complex diagnostic entity that encompasses thoughts, feelings,
interaction with others, changes in self concept and changes in overall daily functioning.
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
, *PTSD affects multiple domains (cognition, mood, relationships, self-concept,
functioning) lasting >1 month; ASD is time-limited; adjustment disorder is less severe.*
7. ___ reactions are reserved for those who experience symptoms within the first month
after exposure to a traumatic event.
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: B) Acute stress disorder
*Acute stress disorder by definition occurs within 1 month of trauma and lasts 3-30 days;
PTSD requires symptoms >1 month.*
8. The mental and physical symptoms associated with ____ usually occur during,
immediately or after you experience a stressful event
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: C) Adjustment disorder
*Adjustment disorder begins within 3 months of a stressor; symptoms are less severe
than PTSD/ASD and resolve when stressor ends.*
9. **Counselors or agencies manifest negative attitudes towards diverse populations or
considering them to be inferior to mainstream, dominant culture is called ___ **
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: A) Cultural destructiveness
Cultural destructiveness is the lowest level of the cultural competence continuum –
, actively oppressive; ethnocentrism is belief in one's own superiority without active
destruction.
10. A state of being where the counselor or agency is open to acknowledging and working
with issues of multicultural diversity is called _____.
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: C) Cultural sensitivity
Cultural sensitivity means awareness and willingness to work with diversity; proficiency
is higher level with advanced implementation.
11. The belief that all cultures function in the same way that one's own culture does, the
culture equivalent of egocentrism is called ____.
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: E) Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is judging other cultures by one's own standards; cultural blindness
ignores differences entirely, while ethnocentrism imposes one's own as correct.
12. **A philosophy that advocates that all people are alike and therefore should be treated
equally is called ___ **
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: B) Cultural blindness
pregnancy or unpredictable event such as a natural disaster, accident, death of a loved
one, being a victim of a crime or other trauma
A) Crisis
B) Assault
C) Adjustment
D) Syndrome
Correct answer: A) Crisis
A crisis is defined by a precipitating event that overwhelms normal coping mechanisms;
the other options do not specifically describe this acute onset pattern.
2. The four domains of crisis include developmental crisis, traumatic event crisis, existential
crisis, and _____ crisis
A) Psychological crisis
B) Physiological crisis
C) Psychiatric crisis
D) None of the above
Correct answer: C) Psychiatric crisis
Psychiatric crisis is the fourth domain, referring to pre-existing mental illness
exacerbated by a stressor; the other terms are not standard crisis categories.
3. During infancy children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care
and affection; lack of this will lead to ______
A) Doubt
B) Guilt
C) Mistrust
D) Inferiority
, Correct answer: C) Mistrust
Erikson's first stage (Trust vs. Mistrust) – inconsistent care leads to mistrust; doubt and
guilt appear in later stages.
4. During Erikson's school age stage children need to cope with new social and academic
demands, success leads to a sense of competence while failure results in feelings of ____
A) Doubt
B) Guilt
C) Mistrust
D) Inferiority
Correct answer: D) Inferiority
*Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority (ages 6-12) – failure to master tasks leads to
inferiority; guilt belongs to preschool initiative stage.*
5. During middle adulthood adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them
often by having children or creating a positive change that will benefit other people.
Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment while failure results in
shallow ____ in the world.
A) Identity
B) Intimacy
C) Involvement
D) Isolation
Correct answer: C) Involvement
Erikson's Generativity vs. Stagnation – failure results in stagnation or shallow
involvement; isolation belongs to young adulthood.
6. ____ is a rather complex diagnostic entity that encompasses thoughts, feelings,
interaction with others, changes in self concept and changes in overall daily functioning.
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
, *PTSD affects multiple domains (cognition, mood, relationships, self-concept,
functioning) lasting >1 month; ASD is time-limited; adjustment disorder is less severe.*
7. ___ reactions are reserved for those who experience symptoms within the first month
after exposure to a traumatic event.
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: B) Acute stress disorder
*Acute stress disorder by definition occurs within 1 month of trauma and lasts 3-30 days;
PTSD requires symptoms >1 month.*
8. The mental and physical symptoms associated with ____ usually occur during,
immediately or after you experience a stressful event
A) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) Acute stress disorder
C) Adjustment disorder
D) None of the above
Correct answer: C) Adjustment disorder
*Adjustment disorder begins within 3 months of a stressor; symptoms are less severe
than PTSD/ASD and resolve when stressor ends.*
9. **Counselors or agencies manifest negative attitudes towards diverse populations or
considering them to be inferior to mainstream, dominant culture is called ___ **
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: A) Cultural destructiveness
Cultural destructiveness is the lowest level of the cultural competence continuum –
, actively oppressive; ethnocentrism is belief in one's own superiority without active
destruction.
10. A state of being where the counselor or agency is open to acknowledging and working
with issues of multicultural diversity is called _____.
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: C) Cultural sensitivity
Cultural sensitivity means awareness and willingness to work with diversity; proficiency
is higher level with advanced implementation.
11. The belief that all cultures function in the same way that one's own culture does, the
culture equivalent of egocentrism is called ____.
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: E) Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is judging other cultures by one's own standards; cultural blindness
ignores differences entirely, while ethnocentrism imposes one's own as correct.
12. **A philosophy that advocates that all people are alike and therefore should be treated
equally is called ___ **
A) Cultural destructiveness
B) Cultural blindness
C) Cultural sensitivity
D) Cultural proficiency
E) Ethnocentrism
Correct answer: B) Cultural blindness
