NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
1. Cirrhosis end stage of liver disease
2. Hep C and alcohol induced liver disease Most common causes of
cirrhosis in the U.S.
3. Biliary Cirrhosis Other causes of cirrhosis
Cardiac Cirrhosis which develops from right sided HF
4. Fatigue and enlarged liver Early symptoms of liver
cirrhosis
5. Jaundice, peripheral edema, ascites Late symptoms of liver cir-
Spider angiomas, palmar erythema rhosis and portal hyper-
Low red/white cells and platelets tension
Dietary low of thiamin, folic acid, B12 causing periph-
eral neuropathy
6. Portal hypertension Risks/complications of liv-
Esophageal and gastric varices er cirrhosis
Peripheral edema
Abdominal ascites
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatorenal syndrome-renal failure
7. Splenomegaly Portal hypertension is
Ascites characterized by...
Gastric and esophageal varices
8. Esophageal varices a complex of tortuous, en-
larged veins at the lower
end of the esophagus.
9. Ruptured esophageal varices (hemorrhage)
[2026] Page 1 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
Most life-threatening
complication of liver cir-
rhosis (LIFE THREATEN-
ING)
10. albumin Treatment for peripheral
edema caused by liver cir-
rhosis
11. pericentesis, diuretics, Albumin Treatment for ascites
12. Eversion of the umbilicus. Manifestations of gross
Abdominal skin striae with distended wall veins ascites
Dehydration
Decrease in urine output - dark, concentrated
Hypokalemia
Low immune function
13. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) Complications of ascites
Vascular dehydration
14. SBP a bacterial infection of the
ascitic fluid; caused by al-
terations of immune func-
tion associated with cir-
rhosis, common after a
variceal hemorrhage
15. High ammonia levels What causes hepatic en-
cephalopathy?
16. Changes in neurologic and mental responsiveness S/S of hepatic en-
Impaired consciousness and/or inappropriate behav- cephalopathy
[2026] Page 2 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
ior
Sleep disturbances, trouble concentrating, coma
Asterixis: Flapping tremors-Most common in arms
and hands
Impairment in writing: Difficulty in moving pen left to
right--Apraxia
Fetor hepaticus
17. Fetor hepaticus Musty, sweet odor of pa-
tient's breath
18. lactulose Treatment for hepatic en-
cephalopathy
19. Hepatorenal syndrome a type of renal failure
with azotemia, oliguria,
and intractable ascites. In
this syndrome, the kidneys
have no structural abnor-
mality.
20. diuretic therapy, GI hemorrhage, or paracentesis What often proceeds he-
patorenal syndrome?
21. liver transplantation Treatment for hepatorenal
syndrome
22. Liver enzyme tests: AST, ALT Diagnostic labs for liver
Total protein, albumin levels failure
Serum bilirubin, globulin levels
Cholesterol levels
Prothrombin time
[2026] Page 3 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
Ultrasound elastography (Fibroscan)
Liver biopsy
23. Right side to prevent bleeding In what position should
the post-liver biopsy pa-
tient lay and why?
24. Rest Conservative therapy for
Administration of B-complex vitamins Liver failure
Avoidance of alcohol
Minimization or avoidance of aspirin, acetaminophen,
and NSAIDs
25. Sodium restriction (2g/day) Care for ascites
Albumin
Diuretics- Spironolactone, furosemide, triamterene
Tolvaptan (Samsca)
Paracentesis
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
Peritoneovenous shunt
26. Tolvaptan (Samsca) medication that increases
sodium by water excretion
27. empty their bladder What do we need to en-
sure that the patient does
before a paracentesis?
28. Hypotension Complications of paracen-
Respiratory issues tesis
Infection
29.
[2026] Page 4 of 33
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
1. Cirrhosis end stage of liver disease
2. Hep C and alcohol induced liver disease Most common causes of
cirrhosis in the U.S.
3. Biliary Cirrhosis Other causes of cirrhosis
Cardiac Cirrhosis which develops from right sided HF
4. Fatigue and enlarged liver Early symptoms of liver
cirrhosis
5. Jaundice, peripheral edema, ascites Late symptoms of liver cir-
Spider angiomas, palmar erythema rhosis and portal hyper-
Low red/white cells and platelets tension
Dietary low of thiamin, folic acid, B12 causing periph-
eral neuropathy
6. Portal hypertension Risks/complications of liv-
Esophageal and gastric varices er cirrhosis
Peripheral edema
Abdominal ascites
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatorenal syndrome-renal failure
7. Splenomegaly Portal hypertension is
Ascites characterized by...
Gastric and esophageal varices
8. Esophageal varices a complex of tortuous, en-
larged veins at the lower
end of the esophagus.
9. Ruptured esophageal varices (hemorrhage)
[2026] Page 1 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
Most life-threatening
complication of liver cir-
rhosis (LIFE THREATEN-
ING)
10. albumin Treatment for peripheral
edema caused by liver cir-
rhosis
11. pericentesis, diuretics, Albumin Treatment for ascites
12. Eversion of the umbilicus. Manifestations of gross
Abdominal skin striae with distended wall veins ascites
Dehydration
Decrease in urine output - dark, concentrated
Hypokalemia
Low immune function
13. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) Complications of ascites
Vascular dehydration
14. SBP a bacterial infection of the
ascitic fluid; caused by al-
terations of immune func-
tion associated with cir-
rhosis, common after a
variceal hemorrhage
15. High ammonia levels What causes hepatic en-
cephalopathy?
16. Changes in neurologic and mental responsiveness S/S of hepatic en-
Impaired consciousness and/or inappropriate behav- cephalopathy
[2026] Page 2 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
ior
Sleep disturbances, trouble concentrating, coma
Asterixis: Flapping tremors-Most common in arms
and hands
Impairment in writing: Difficulty in moving pen left to
right--Apraxia
Fetor hepaticus
17. Fetor hepaticus Musty, sweet odor of pa-
tient's breath
18. lactulose Treatment for hepatic en-
cephalopathy
19. Hepatorenal syndrome a type of renal failure
with azotemia, oliguria,
and intractable ascites. In
this syndrome, the kidneys
have no structural abnor-
mality.
20. diuretic therapy, GI hemorrhage, or paracentesis What often proceeds he-
patorenal syndrome?
21. liver transplantation Treatment for hepatorenal
syndrome
22. Liver enzyme tests: AST, ALT Diagnostic labs for liver
Total protein, albumin levels failure
Serum bilirubin, globulin levels
Cholesterol levels
Prothrombin time
[2026] Page 3 of 33
, NSG 430 Final
Latest NSG 430 Final (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h27bfs
Ultrasound elastography (Fibroscan)
Liver biopsy
23. Right side to prevent bleeding In what position should
the post-liver biopsy pa-
tient lay and why?
24. Rest Conservative therapy for
Administration of B-complex vitamins Liver failure
Avoidance of alcohol
Minimization or avoidance of aspirin, acetaminophen,
and NSAIDs
25. Sodium restriction (2g/day) Care for ascites
Albumin
Diuretics- Spironolactone, furosemide, triamterene
Tolvaptan (Samsca)
Paracentesis
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
Peritoneovenous shunt
26. Tolvaptan (Samsca) medication that increases
sodium by water excretion
27. empty their bladder What do we need to en-
sure that the patient does
before a paracentesis?
28. Hypotension Complications of paracen-
Respiratory issues tesis
Infection
29.
[2026] Page 4 of 33
