,Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10e (Marieb)
Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry
2.1 Short Answer
Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, identify the following:
1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 45
2) Letter D represents the structure of ________.
Answer: triglyceride
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 47
3) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a ________.
Answer: nucleotide
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54
4) Which letter represents a globular protein in its quaternary structure?
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 51, 52
Fill in the blank or provide a short answer:
5) Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered to be __________.
Answer: matter
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26
6) Nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as
__________ energy.
Answer: electrical
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 26
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 7) Isotopes differ from other atoms of the same element only in the number of __________ they
possess.
Answer: neutrons
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30
8) Electrically neutral atoms have equal numbers of __________ and __________.
Answer: protons; electrons
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 29, 34
9) The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is called the __________.
Answer: atomic mass number
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30
10) Compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonding are collectively termed __________
compounds.
Answer: organic
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 39
11) Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared __________.
Answer: unequally
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 35, 37
12) The four most common elements that compose over 96% of the mass of the human body are
__________ , __________, __________, and __________.
Answer: oxygen; carbon; hydrogen; nitrogen
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 27
13) An acid is a molecule that releases (donates) __________. State the answer in two ways.
Answer: protons; hydrogen ions
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 41
14) All __________ have an amine (N ) group.
Answer: amino acids
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 49
15) Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called
__________.
Answer: polysaccharides
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 44
16) A solution with a pH of 11.7 is __________ times more basic (alkaline) than a solution with
a pH of 8.7.
Answer: 1000
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 42
2
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2 Basic Chemistry
2.1 Short Answer
Figure 2.1
Using Figure 2.1, identify the following:
1) Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 45
2) Letter D represents the structure of ________.
Answer: triglyceride
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 47
3) Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a ________.
Answer: nucleotide
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 54
4) Which letter represents a globular protein in its quaternary structure?
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 51, 52
Fill in the blank or provide a short answer:
5) Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered to be __________.
Answer: matter
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 26
6) Nerve impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as
__________ energy.
Answer: electrical
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 26
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 7) Isotopes differ from other atoms of the same element only in the number of __________ they
possess.
Answer: neutrons
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30
8) Electrically neutral atoms have equal numbers of __________ and __________.
Answer: protons; electrons
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 29, 34
9) The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom is called the __________.
Answer: atomic mass number
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 30
10) Compounds that contain carbon-hydrogen bonding are collectively termed __________
compounds.
Answer: organic
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 39
11) Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared __________.
Answer: unequally
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 35, 37
12) The four most common elements that compose over 96% of the mass of the human body are
__________ , __________, __________, and __________.
Answer: oxygen; carbon; hydrogen; nitrogen
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 27
13) An acid is a molecule that releases (donates) __________. State the answer in two ways.
Answer: protons; hydrogen ions
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 41
14) All __________ have an amine (N ) group.
Answer: amino acids
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 49
15) Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called
__________.
Answer: polysaccharides
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 44
16) A solution with a pH of 11.7 is __________ times more basic (alkaline) than a solution with
a pH of 8.7.
Answer: 1000
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 42
2
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
