PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL ONLINE PRACTICE | LATEST UPDATED 2026/2027 (GRADED A+)
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse report before
administering the medication?
Elevated sodium
Elevated blood pressure
Decreased potassium
Decreased urine output ✔️Decreased potassium
A nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is experiencing an adrenal crisis, which was precipitated by the client not taking their medication
for several days. The nurse should identify that withdrawal from which of the following medications potentiated the adrenal crisis?
Metoprolol|
Methimazole
Furosemidel
Prednisone ✔️Prednisone
A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. While taking the client's apical pulse, the nurse
notes a rate of 58/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Give the dose as prescribed.
Use a different route to administer the medication.
Administer half of the prescribed dose.
Withhold the dose. ✔️Withhold the dose.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing with a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
statements indicates that the client understands the teaching?
"The HbA1c test should be performed 2 hr after I eat a meal that is high in carbohydrates."
"The HbA1c test can help detect the presence of ketones in my body.".
"I will have my HbA1c checked twice per year."
"I will plan to fast before I have my HbA1c tested." ✔️"I will have my HbA1c checked twice per year."
A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to an assistive personnel
(AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."|
"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
"Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
"Wear a face mask when in the client's room."' ✔️"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the
teaching?
"Maintain a fat intake of 40 percent of your total daily calories."
,"Limit consumption of whole milk products to 8 ounces three times per week."
"Exercise for 20 minutes twice per week."
"Add oily fish to your diet twice weekly." ✔️"Add oily fish to your diet twice weekly."
A nurse in an oncology clinic is reinforcing teaching about Mohs surgery with a client who has skin cancer. Which of the following information
should the nurse include in the teaching?
Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor.
Mohs surgery uses liquid nitrogen to destroy the cancerous tissue.
Mohs surgery is the preferred treatment for melanoma skin cancer.
Mohs surgery is a palliative treatment for metastatic skin cancer. ✔️Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor.
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who has several concerns. Which of the following concerns should the nurse recognize as an
expected change associated with aging?
"I sweat more than I used to."
"Sometimes, I can't remember my kids' names."
"I seem to have more loose stools than I used to."
"My food tastes bland even after I ad ✔️"My food tastes bland even after I add seasoning."
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client about increasing the intake of foods containing vitamin C to enhance absorption of oral iron
supplements. Which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching?
1 cup of cooked brown rice
1 cup of boiled broccoli
1 cup of cottage cheese
1 cup of scrambled eggs ✔️1 cup of boiled broccoli
A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who is 2 hr postoperative following the amputation of a foot. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take first?
Obtain the client's temperature.
Observe for phantom pain.
Measure urinary output.
Check the incisional dressing. ✔️Check the incisional dressing.
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Select all that apply.
Apply oxygen to the client via a face mask.
Instruct the client to splint their abdomen with a pillow when coughing.
Plan to ambulate the client as soon as possible.
Report the client's urinary output to the charge nurse.
Monitor the client's pain level. ✔️Instruct the client to splint their abdomen with a pillow when coughing.
Report the client's urinary output to the charge nurse.
, Monitor the client's pain level.
Plan to ambulate as soon as possible
A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client who is receiving dialysis treatment.
Exhibit 1
Nurses' Notes
0530:Client is awake and alert. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) to right forearm with thrill palpated and auscultated for bruit. Breath sounds are
clear upon auscultation; client denies shortness of breath. No peripheral edema noted; capillary refill is less than 3 seconds; +2 bilateral pedal
and radial pulses.AVF access prepared and cannulated twice with no difficulty. Lines are taped and secured; treatment is initiated.0600:Client is
reading a book. Access is visible, and lines are secure. Client reports no discomfort or pain.0630:Client reports feeling warm, nauseated, and
lightheaded; appears restless and slightly confused.
Exhibit 2
Vital Signs
0530:Current weight 88 kg (194 lb)Temperature 37° C (98.6° F)Blood pressure• Lying - 152/92 mm Hg• Sitting - 148/90 mm Hg• Standing -
144/88 mm HgHeart rate 90/minRespir ✔️For each potential nursing intervention, click to specify if the intervention is indicated or not
indicated.
Nursing Intervention
Request a chest x-ray - not indicated
Place the client in reverse Trendelenburg position - indicated
Assist with administering a 0.9% sodium chloride 200 mL IV bolus - indicated
Apply oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula - indicated
Notify the charge nurse immediately - indicated
Obtain the client's blood glucose level - not indicated
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a new prescription for nystatin suspension for oral candidiasis. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Use a commercial mouthwash before taking the medication.
Remind the client to swish the medication in their mouth.•
Discontinue the medication as soon as the lesions are healed.
Combine the medication with applesauce. ✔️Remind the client to swish the medication in their mouth.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregiver of a client who has a cervical injury and has a halo vest in place. Which of the following safety
precautions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Clean the pin sites every 72 hr.
Use the halo ring to reposition the client when in bed.
Change the sheepskin liner weekly.
Tighten the traction bar as needed. ✔️Change the sheepskin liner weekly.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving a continuous tube feeding of 60 mL/hr at 1.2 cal/mL. How many calories will the client
receive in 12 hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) ✔️864 cal
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for regular and NPH insulin. Which of the
following instructions on preparing the insulins should the nurse include?
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse report before
administering the medication?
Elevated sodium
Elevated blood pressure
Decreased potassium
Decreased urine output ✔️Decreased potassium
A nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is experiencing an adrenal crisis, which was precipitated by the client not taking their medication
for several days. The nurse should identify that withdrawal from which of the following medications potentiated the adrenal crisis?
Metoprolol|
Methimazole
Furosemidel
Prednisone ✔️Prednisone
A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. While taking the client's apical pulse, the nurse
notes a rate of 58/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Give the dose as prescribed.
Use a different route to administer the medication.
Administer half of the prescribed dose.
Withhold the dose. ✔️Withhold the dose.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing with a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
statements indicates that the client understands the teaching?
"The HbA1c test should be performed 2 hr after I eat a meal that is high in carbohydrates."
"The HbA1c test can help detect the presence of ketones in my body.".
"I will have my HbA1c checked twice per year."
"I will plan to fast before I have my HbA1c tested." ✔️"I will have my HbA1c checked twice per year."
A nurse is providing information regarding transmission-based precautions for a client who has Clostridium difficile to an assistive personnel
(AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."|
"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
"Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after client care."
"Wear a face mask when in the client's room."' ✔️"Provide the client with disposable utensils and dishes for meals."
"Leave blood pressure equipment in the client's room."
"Clean contaminated surfaces with a bleach solution."
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the
teaching?
"Maintain a fat intake of 40 percent of your total daily calories."
,"Limit consumption of whole milk products to 8 ounces three times per week."
"Exercise for 20 minutes twice per week."
"Add oily fish to your diet twice weekly." ✔️"Add oily fish to your diet twice weekly."
A nurse in an oncology clinic is reinforcing teaching about Mohs surgery with a client who has skin cancer. Which of the following information
should the nurse include in the teaching?
Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor.
Mohs surgery uses liquid nitrogen to destroy the cancerous tissue.
Mohs surgery is the preferred treatment for melanoma skin cancer.
Mohs surgery is a palliative treatment for metastatic skin cancer. ✔️Mohs surgery is a horizontal shaving of thin layers of the tumor.
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who has several concerns. Which of the following concerns should the nurse recognize as an
expected change associated with aging?
"I sweat more than I used to."
"Sometimes, I can't remember my kids' names."
"I seem to have more loose stools than I used to."
"My food tastes bland even after I ad ✔️"My food tastes bland even after I add seasoning."
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a client about increasing the intake of foods containing vitamin C to enhance absorption of oral iron
supplements. Which of the following food choices should the nurse include in the teaching?
1 cup of cooked brown rice
1 cup of boiled broccoli
1 cup of cottage cheese
1 cup of scrambled eggs ✔️1 cup of boiled broccoli
A nurse is assisting with the care for a client who is 2 hr postoperative following the amputation of a foot. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take first?
Obtain the client's temperature.
Observe for phantom pain.
Measure urinary output.
Check the incisional dressing. ✔️Check the incisional dressing.
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Select all that apply.
Apply oxygen to the client via a face mask.
Instruct the client to splint their abdomen with a pillow when coughing.
Plan to ambulate the client as soon as possible.
Report the client's urinary output to the charge nurse.
Monitor the client's pain level. ✔️Instruct the client to splint their abdomen with a pillow when coughing.
Report the client's urinary output to the charge nurse.
, Monitor the client's pain level.
Plan to ambulate as soon as possible
A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client who is receiving dialysis treatment.
Exhibit 1
Nurses' Notes
0530:Client is awake and alert. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) to right forearm with thrill palpated and auscultated for bruit. Breath sounds are
clear upon auscultation; client denies shortness of breath. No peripheral edema noted; capillary refill is less than 3 seconds; +2 bilateral pedal
and radial pulses.AVF access prepared and cannulated twice with no difficulty. Lines are taped and secured; treatment is initiated.0600:Client is
reading a book. Access is visible, and lines are secure. Client reports no discomfort or pain.0630:Client reports feeling warm, nauseated, and
lightheaded; appears restless and slightly confused.
Exhibit 2
Vital Signs
0530:Current weight 88 kg (194 lb)Temperature 37° C (98.6° F)Blood pressure• Lying - 152/92 mm Hg• Sitting - 148/90 mm Hg• Standing -
144/88 mm HgHeart rate 90/minRespir ✔️For each potential nursing intervention, click to specify if the intervention is indicated or not
indicated.
Nursing Intervention
Request a chest x-ray - not indicated
Place the client in reverse Trendelenburg position - indicated
Assist with administering a 0.9% sodium chloride 200 mL IV bolus - indicated
Apply oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula - indicated
Notify the charge nurse immediately - indicated
Obtain the client's blood glucose level - not indicated
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has a new prescription for nystatin suspension for oral candidiasis. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Use a commercial mouthwash before taking the medication.
Remind the client to swish the medication in their mouth.•
Discontinue the medication as soon as the lesions are healed.
Combine the medication with applesauce. ✔️Remind the client to swish the medication in their mouth.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregiver of a client who has a cervical injury and has a halo vest in place. Which of the following safety
precautions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Clean the pin sites every 72 hr.
Use the halo ring to reposition the client when in bed.
Change the sheepskin liner weekly.
Tighten the traction bar as needed. ✔️Change the sheepskin liner weekly.
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving a continuous tube feeding of 60 mL/hr at 1.2 cal/mL. How many calories will the client
receive in 12 hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) ✔️864 cal
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for regular and NPH insulin. Which of the
following instructions on preparing the insulins should the nurse include?
