JMU BIO 140 UPDATED FINAL EXAMS ALL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Hydrophobic molecules are always - ✔✔nonpolar
✔✔Define peptide bond - ✔✔when the carbon of a carboxyl group of one amino acid is
joined to a nitrogen atom of another amino group
✔✔What are the two types of DNA bases? - ✔✔pyrimidine and purine
✔✔What are the types of pyrimidine? - ✔✔cytosine, thymine, and uracil
✔✔What are the types of purine? - ✔✔guanine and adenine
✔✔Define glyoside bonds - ✔✔monosacharides that are attached to each other by
covalent bonds
✔✔Define triacylglycerol - ✔✔lipid that is used for energy storage
✔✔What is the structure of triacylglycerol? - ✔✔three fatty acids joined to glycerol
✔✔Define fatty acid - ✔✔long chain of carbon atoms attached to a carboxyl group
, ✔✔What makes a lipid saturated? - ✔✔does not contain double bonds
✔✔What makes a lipid unsaturated? - ✔✔carbon-carbon double bonds
✔✔What is the structure of glycerol? - ✔✔3-carbon molecule with OH attached to each
carbon
✔✔What was the Leslie Orgel experiment? - ✔✔Placed a short nucleic acid sequence
into a reaction vessel and then added individual chemically modified nucleotides. In
return spontaneously the nucleotides joined into a polymer
✔✔What does DNA do? - ✔✔stores genetic information
✔✔Where is genetic information stored? - ✔✔in genes
✔✔What does gene regulation do? - ✔✔controls when genetic process should occur
✔✔What was the Griffith Experiment? - ✔✔Virulent and nonvirulent bacteria was
ejected into mice
✔✔What was discovered by the Griffith Experiment? - ✔✔DNA can transfer biological
characteristics from one organism to another
✔✔What was the Avery and MacLeod experiment? - ✔✔-attempted to test which part of
a cell would control the ability for S strains to be visible
-all other cells when factors removed, showed R strains except those without DNA
✔✔Who were the scientist associated with discovering the three-dimensional structure
of DNA? - ✔✔-Watson
-Crick
-Franklin
✔✔What is a nucleotide made of? - ✔✔-phosphate group
-deoxyribose sugar
-nitrogenous base
✔✔What is a nucleoside? - ✔✔sugar and base combination
✔✔What is the type of bond between sugar and phosphate? - ✔✔phosphodiester
✔✔DNA has a net _________ charge - ✔✔negative
✔✔What type of bonds hold the two sides of DNA together? - ✔✔hydrogen bonding
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Hydrophobic molecules are always - ✔✔nonpolar
✔✔Define peptide bond - ✔✔when the carbon of a carboxyl group of one amino acid is
joined to a nitrogen atom of another amino group
✔✔What are the two types of DNA bases? - ✔✔pyrimidine and purine
✔✔What are the types of pyrimidine? - ✔✔cytosine, thymine, and uracil
✔✔What are the types of purine? - ✔✔guanine and adenine
✔✔Define glyoside bonds - ✔✔monosacharides that are attached to each other by
covalent bonds
✔✔Define triacylglycerol - ✔✔lipid that is used for energy storage
✔✔What is the structure of triacylglycerol? - ✔✔three fatty acids joined to glycerol
✔✔Define fatty acid - ✔✔long chain of carbon atoms attached to a carboxyl group
, ✔✔What makes a lipid saturated? - ✔✔does not contain double bonds
✔✔What makes a lipid unsaturated? - ✔✔carbon-carbon double bonds
✔✔What is the structure of glycerol? - ✔✔3-carbon molecule with OH attached to each
carbon
✔✔What was the Leslie Orgel experiment? - ✔✔Placed a short nucleic acid sequence
into a reaction vessel and then added individual chemically modified nucleotides. In
return spontaneously the nucleotides joined into a polymer
✔✔What does DNA do? - ✔✔stores genetic information
✔✔Where is genetic information stored? - ✔✔in genes
✔✔What does gene regulation do? - ✔✔controls when genetic process should occur
✔✔What was the Griffith Experiment? - ✔✔Virulent and nonvirulent bacteria was
ejected into mice
✔✔What was discovered by the Griffith Experiment? - ✔✔DNA can transfer biological
characteristics from one organism to another
✔✔What was the Avery and MacLeod experiment? - ✔✔-attempted to test which part of
a cell would control the ability for S strains to be visible
-all other cells when factors removed, showed R strains except those without DNA
✔✔Who were the scientist associated with discovering the three-dimensional structure
of DNA? - ✔✔-Watson
-Crick
-Franklin
✔✔What is a nucleotide made of? - ✔✔-phosphate group
-deoxyribose sugar
-nitrogenous base
✔✔What is a nucleoside? - ✔✔sugar and base combination
✔✔What is the type of bond between sugar and phosphate? - ✔✔phosphodiester
✔✔DNA has a net _________ charge - ✔✔negative
✔✔What type of bonds hold the two sides of DNA together? - ✔✔hydrogen bonding
