BMTCN EXAMS SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Which of the following factors affect the success of stem cell mobilization? -
✔✔radiation may adversely affect the ability to achieve successful transplantation
✔✔A patient had an allogeneic HSCT three years ago and now has type 4
posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. How should the patient be treated? -
✔✔Type 4 PTLD treated with aggressive chemotherapy has a good prognosis.
✔✔hy is the additive DMSO used during stem cell processing? - ✔✔DMSO is an
additive used to prevent damage to cells during freezing or thawing
✔✔Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform for a
patient near the end of life? - ✔✔It is most important to assess for pain as the patient
nears the end of life.
✔✔Which of the following places a patient who received an HSCT at risk for
cardiovascular disease? - ✔✔Anthracyclines increase the risk for cardiovascular
disease.
✔✔Which of the following is likely to be effective for treating sleep-wake disturbances? -
✔✔Studies have shown that exercise can improve sleep disturbances.
✔✔Which two-drug combination is recommended to prevent graft-versus-host disease?
- ✔✔Cyclosporine and methotrexate is standard for acute GVHD prophylaxis.
✔✔A pre-transplant patient asks about ABO compatibility with the donor. The nurse
explains that: - ✔✔ABO compatibility is not necessary for successful transplant
,✔✔A patient should be instructed to manage oral mucositis by: - ✔✔The goals of mouth
care and oral rinses with saline are to remove oral debris and microorganisms, provide
mucosal hydration, and decrease inflammation and pain.
✔✔Calcineurin inhibitors are used to prevent which of the following? - ✔✔Calcineurin
inhibitors are immunosuppressants used to prevent graft-versus-host disease.
✔✔Which of the following should be provided to a twenty-one year old female receiving
cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation? - ✔✔TBI and chemotherapy can cause
infertility.
✔✔Which of the following could prevent mobilization and collection of stem cells for a
patient with myeloma? - ✔✔Melphalan decreases the ability to mobilize stem cells.
✔✔A patient with lymphoma who received an HSCT has heart failure and arrhythmias.
The most likely cause is: - ✔✔High dose cyclophosphamide can cause cardiac side
effects.
✔✔mmunoglobulins are secreted by which type of cell? - ✔✔B lymphocytes synthesize
and secrete immunoglobulins.
✔✔A patient reports facial swelling during the stem cell infusion. The nurse should
immediately stop the infusion and anticipate an order for which medication? -
✔✔Urticaria, pruritus, facial or glottal edema are all signs of an allergic reaction. The
nurse should stop the infusion and then administer antihistimines.
✔✔A patient who received high-dose cyclophosphamide two days ago is now
experiencing dyspnea, chest pain, orthopnea, cough, fever, and tachycardia. Which of
the following is the patient most likely experiencing? - ✔✔Cyclophosphamide
cardiotoxicity presents with dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, orthopnea, cough, fever, and
tachycardia.
✔✔A survivor of an HSCT is at high risk for developing: - ✔✔Stem cell transplant
survivors have an increased risk of developing a secondary neoplasm
✔✔Chronic graft-versus-host disease that develops without clinical evidence of previous
acute graft-versus-host disease is referred to as: - ✔✔De novo chronic GVHD occurs in
patients who had no evidence of acute GVHD.
✔✔How many days should lapse between dental extraction and the start of
conditioning? - ✔✔In order to prevent potential complications, dental extraction and
healing should be complete 10-14 days prior to beginning a conditioning regimen or
transplantation.
, ✔✔How should the healthcare team address the psychosocial needs of transplant
patients and caregivers? - ✔✔Members of the team must work together to educate the
patient, family, and caregiver through each step of the transplant.
✔✔What does the medical management of moderate hyponatremia from SIADH
include? - ✔✔Furosemide is the treatment of choice for mild to moderate hyponatremia
from SIADH.
✔✔What type of chimerism describes the state that exists when a donor
lymphohematopoietic system totally replaces that of the recipient? - ✔✔Complete
chimerism is the term used to describe when the donor's lymphohematopoietic system
totally replaces the recipient's lymphohematopoietic system
✔✔Which of the following is recommended to prevent infection for a patient who had an
HSCT? - ✔✔Handwashing is recommended to prevent infection.
✔✔Which of the following may adversely affect successful engraftment? - ✔✔Patients
receiving autologous transplants may experience issues with engraftment
✔✔Which of the following is an advantage of a non-myeloablative transplant? - ✔✔Non-
myeloablative transplants are indicated for patient where the GVL effect is the desired
outcome and is less toxic.
✔✔What is the most likely cause of hematuria and garlic-like taste reported by the
patient during a stem cell infusion? - ✔✔DMSO can cause hematuria due to red cell
breakdown and a garlic-like taste that will resolve.
✔✔When does bone marrow reconstitution begin following an HSCT? - ✔✔Bone
marrow reconstitution consists of numeric and functional recovery of cells which begins
after WBC engraftement.
✔✔A patient who is diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia two years after treatment
for neuroblastoma is being evaluated for an allogeneic HSCT. Which medication most
likely contributed to the secondary malignancy? - ✔✔Topoisomerase II inhibitor-related
AML usually appears 2-3 years after exposure to the drug. Etoposide is a
topoisomerase II inhibitor.
✔✔What ethical principle is defined as preventing or avoiding harm? - ✔✔Preventing or
avoiding harm describes the principle of nonmaleficence.
✔✔Which of the following has been shown to reduce the severity of oral chronic
GVHD? - ✔✔Extracorporeal photophoresis has been shown to reduce the severity of
oral chronic GVHD
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Which of the following factors affect the success of stem cell mobilization? -
✔✔radiation may adversely affect the ability to achieve successful transplantation
✔✔A patient had an allogeneic HSCT three years ago and now has type 4
posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. How should the patient be treated? -
✔✔Type 4 PTLD treated with aggressive chemotherapy has a good prognosis.
✔✔hy is the additive DMSO used during stem cell processing? - ✔✔DMSO is an
additive used to prevent damage to cells during freezing or thawing
✔✔Which of the following interventions is most important for the nurse to perform for a
patient near the end of life? - ✔✔It is most important to assess for pain as the patient
nears the end of life.
✔✔Which of the following places a patient who received an HSCT at risk for
cardiovascular disease? - ✔✔Anthracyclines increase the risk for cardiovascular
disease.
✔✔Which of the following is likely to be effective for treating sleep-wake disturbances? -
✔✔Studies have shown that exercise can improve sleep disturbances.
✔✔Which two-drug combination is recommended to prevent graft-versus-host disease?
- ✔✔Cyclosporine and methotrexate is standard for acute GVHD prophylaxis.
✔✔A pre-transplant patient asks about ABO compatibility with the donor. The nurse
explains that: - ✔✔ABO compatibility is not necessary for successful transplant
,✔✔A patient should be instructed to manage oral mucositis by: - ✔✔The goals of mouth
care and oral rinses with saline are to remove oral debris and microorganisms, provide
mucosal hydration, and decrease inflammation and pain.
✔✔Calcineurin inhibitors are used to prevent which of the following? - ✔✔Calcineurin
inhibitors are immunosuppressants used to prevent graft-versus-host disease.
✔✔Which of the following should be provided to a twenty-one year old female receiving
cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation? - ✔✔TBI and chemotherapy can cause
infertility.
✔✔Which of the following could prevent mobilization and collection of stem cells for a
patient with myeloma? - ✔✔Melphalan decreases the ability to mobilize stem cells.
✔✔A patient with lymphoma who received an HSCT has heart failure and arrhythmias.
The most likely cause is: - ✔✔High dose cyclophosphamide can cause cardiac side
effects.
✔✔mmunoglobulins are secreted by which type of cell? - ✔✔B lymphocytes synthesize
and secrete immunoglobulins.
✔✔A patient reports facial swelling during the stem cell infusion. The nurse should
immediately stop the infusion and anticipate an order for which medication? -
✔✔Urticaria, pruritus, facial or glottal edema are all signs of an allergic reaction. The
nurse should stop the infusion and then administer antihistimines.
✔✔A patient who received high-dose cyclophosphamide two days ago is now
experiencing dyspnea, chest pain, orthopnea, cough, fever, and tachycardia. Which of
the following is the patient most likely experiencing? - ✔✔Cyclophosphamide
cardiotoxicity presents with dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, orthopnea, cough, fever, and
tachycardia.
✔✔A survivor of an HSCT is at high risk for developing: - ✔✔Stem cell transplant
survivors have an increased risk of developing a secondary neoplasm
✔✔Chronic graft-versus-host disease that develops without clinical evidence of previous
acute graft-versus-host disease is referred to as: - ✔✔De novo chronic GVHD occurs in
patients who had no evidence of acute GVHD.
✔✔How many days should lapse between dental extraction and the start of
conditioning? - ✔✔In order to prevent potential complications, dental extraction and
healing should be complete 10-14 days prior to beginning a conditioning regimen or
transplantation.
, ✔✔How should the healthcare team address the psychosocial needs of transplant
patients and caregivers? - ✔✔Members of the team must work together to educate the
patient, family, and caregiver through each step of the transplant.
✔✔What does the medical management of moderate hyponatremia from SIADH
include? - ✔✔Furosemide is the treatment of choice for mild to moderate hyponatremia
from SIADH.
✔✔What type of chimerism describes the state that exists when a donor
lymphohematopoietic system totally replaces that of the recipient? - ✔✔Complete
chimerism is the term used to describe when the donor's lymphohematopoietic system
totally replaces the recipient's lymphohematopoietic system
✔✔Which of the following is recommended to prevent infection for a patient who had an
HSCT? - ✔✔Handwashing is recommended to prevent infection.
✔✔Which of the following may adversely affect successful engraftment? - ✔✔Patients
receiving autologous transplants may experience issues with engraftment
✔✔Which of the following is an advantage of a non-myeloablative transplant? - ✔✔Non-
myeloablative transplants are indicated for patient where the GVL effect is the desired
outcome and is less toxic.
✔✔What is the most likely cause of hematuria and garlic-like taste reported by the
patient during a stem cell infusion? - ✔✔DMSO can cause hematuria due to red cell
breakdown and a garlic-like taste that will resolve.
✔✔When does bone marrow reconstitution begin following an HSCT? - ✔✔Bone
marrow reconstitution consists of numeric and functional recovery of cells which begins
after WBC engraftement.
✔✔A patient who is diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia two years after treatment
for neuroblastoma is being evaluated for an allogeneic HSCT. Which medication most
likely contributed to the secondary malignancy? - ✔✔Topoisomerase II inhibitor-related
AML usually appears 2-3 years after exposure to the drug. Etoposide is a
topoisomerase II inhibitor.
✔✔What ethical principle is defined as preventing or avoiding harm? - ✔✔Preventing or
avoiding harm describes the principle of nonmaleficence.
✔✔Which of the following has been shown to reduce the severity of oral chronic
GVHD? - ✔✔Extracorporeal photophoresis has been shown to reduce the severity of
oral chronic GVHD
