PCA Exam Questions and Answers with
Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
passed when july 21, 2015
pca is called in abroad antitrust law
3 prohibited acts of pca 1. anti competitive agreement
2. abuse of dominant position
3. anti competitive mergers and
acquisition
4 anti competitive agreement 1. price fixing
2. bid rigging
3. output restriction
4. market sharing
2 per se prohibited 1. price fixing
2. bid rigging
not per se prohibited 1. output restriction
2. market sharing
defenses safe harbor
same stage of production horizontal agreement
, different stages of production vertical agreement
agree on the prices price fixing
coordinate their actions to bid rigging
manipulate
nag agree isa manalo cover bidding
take turns on winning bidder bid rotation
magwithdraw or refrain bid suppression
fails to submit reqs non conforming bid
fake bid phantom bidding
penalty 1st offense up to 100 million
2nd offense 100-250 million
3rd offense 150 to 250 million
who has biggest penalty pca
Verified Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
passed when july 21, 2015
pca is called in abroad antitrust law
3 prohibited acts of pca 1. anti competitive agreement
2. abuse of dominant position
3. anti competitive mergers and
acquisition
4 anti competitive agreement 1. price fixing
2. bid rigging
3. output restriction
4. market sharing
2 per se prohibited 1. price fixing
2. bid rigging
not per se prohibited 1. output restriction
2. market sharing
defenses safe harbor
same stage of production horizontal agreement
, different stages of production vertical agreement
agree on the prices price fixing
coordinate their actions to bid rigging
manipulate
nag agree isa manalo cover bidding
take turns on winning bidder bid rotation
magwithdraw or refrain bid suppression
fails to submit reqs non conforming bid
fake bid phantom bidding
penalty 1st offense up to 100 million
2nd offense 100-250 million
3rd offense 150 to 250 million
who has biggest penalty pca