PTP EXAMS SCRIPT UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Disablement framework emerged to include: - ✔✔International classification of
functioning, disability, and health (ICF) developed by the World Health Organization
(WHO)
Nagi framework developed by Saad Nagi
National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) disability classification
scheme
✔✔ICF - ✔✔is used to provide a common language for describing functional status and
disability according to health and health related states. It blends anatomical and
physiological impairments, physical functioning (individual and societal roles) and
contextual factors (those related to the surroundings or settings)
✔✔ICF includes: - ✔✔Activity
Participation
Impairment
Activity Limitation
Participation Limitation
Functioning
Disability
✔✔ICF includes: A - ✔✔Activity; completion of a task or action by an individual;
execution of the task or action
✔✔ICF includes: P - ✔✔Participation; involvement in a life situation, includes socially
constructed activities (e.g work, school)
✔✔ICF includes: I - ✔✔Impairment; problem with body function (physiological or
psychological) or structure (limb or organ) such as deviation from or loss of what would
be considered normal. Impairments can be considered permanent or temporary;
progressive, regressive, or static; intermittent or continuous; slight or severe; fluctuating
✔✔ICF includes: AL - ✔✔Activity limitation; difficulties that might be encountered by an
individual who is attempting to complete a task or carry out an activity
✔✔ICF includes: PL - ✔✔Participation Limitation; problems an individual might face
while involved in life situations
✔✔ICF includes: F - ✔✔Functioning; encompasses bodily functions, activites, and
participation
✔✔ICF includes: D - ✔✔Disability; encompasses impairments, activity limitations, and
participation restrictions
, ✔✔ICF categorizes information about an individuals health condition into: -
✔✔Functioning and Disability
-Body functions and structures
-Activities and participation
Contextual Factors
- Environmental Factors; external factors, either immediate or global, that affect the
individual as he or she interacts with society
- Personal Factors; factors that are unique to the individual (age, race, gender)
✔✔Ways to differentiate between activities and participation: - ✔✔-Designate some
functional skills as activities as skill and some as participation (with overlap)
-Name detailed skills as activities and broad skills as participation
-Call all skills activities and participation, not differentiating between the two
✔✔Nagi Disablement Framework - ✔✔developed in 1960s, Nagi provided the
framework linking pathology to disability
✔✔Active pathology - ✔✔interruption or interference with the body's normal processes
and simultaneous body efforts to heal itself or regain a normal state
✔✔Impairment - ✔✔loss or abnormality of an anatomical, physiological mental or
emotional nature, deviations from normal occurring at the cellular, tissue, organ, or
system level
✔✔3 types of impairments - ✔✔- Disease process itself
- Impairment as a result of the pathology, signs, and symptoms, problems remaining
once the active pathology is resolved
- Impairment not caused by the pathology, but instead the result of a congenital problem
✔✔Functional Limitation - ✔✔an abnormality or limitation in an individual's ability to
carry out a meaningful action, task, or activity, in an efficient, competent, reasonably
expected manner, experienced a the organism level or the individual as a whole
✔✔Disability - ✔✔the inability or limitation in performing socially defined roles and/or
tasks that would normally be expected of an individual or similar gender or age within a
given culture and/or environment; these roles and/or tasks are organized by life
activities and often include; self care, home management, work, community service,
leisure activities
✔✔Pathophysiology - ✔✔an interruption of, or interference with normal physiological
and developmental processes or structures; occurs at the cellular or tissue level
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Disablement framework emerged to include: - ✔✔International classification of
functioning, disability, and health (ICF) developed by the World Health Organization
(WHO)
Nagi framework developed by Saad Nagi
National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) disability classification
scheme
✔✔ICF - ✔✔is used to provide a common language for describing functional status and
disability according to health and health related states. It blends anatomical and
physiological impairments, physical functioning (individual and societal roles) and
contextual factors (those related to the surroundings or settings)
✔✔ICF includes: - ✔✔Activity
Participation
Impairment
Activity Limitation
Participation Limitation
Functioning
Disability
✔✔ICF includes: A - ✔✔Activity; completion of a task or action by an individual;
execution of the task or action
✔✔ICF includes: P - ✔✔Participation; involvement in a life situation, includes socially
constructed activities (e.g work, school)
✔✔ICF includes: I - ✔✔Impairment; problem with body function (physiological or
psychological) or structure (limb or organ) such as deviation from or loss of what would
be considered normal. Impairments can be considered permanent or temporary;
progressive, regressive, or static; intermittent or continuous; slight or severe; fluctuating
✔✔ICF includes: AL - ✔✔Activity limitation; difficulties that might be encountered by an
individual who is attempting to complete a task or carry out an activity
✔✔ICF includes: PL - ✔✔Participation Limitation; problems an individual might face
while involved in life situations
✔✔ICF includes: F - ✔✔Functioning; encompasses bodily functions, activites, and
participation
✔✔ICF includes: D - ✔✔Disability; encompasses impairments, activity limitations, and
participation restrictions
, ✔✔ICF categorizes information about an individuals health condition into: -
✔✔Functioning and Disability
-Body functions and structures
-Activities and participation
Contextual Factors
- Environmental Factors; external factors, either immediate or global, that affect the
individual as he or she interacts with society
- Personal Factors; factors that are unique to the individual (age, race, gender)
✔✔Ways to differentiate between activities and participation: - ✔✔-Designate some
functional skills as activities as skill and some as participation (with overlap)
-Name detailed skills as activities and broad skills as participation
-Call all skills activities and participation, not differentiating between the two
✔✔Nagi Disablement Framework - ✔✔developed in 1960s, Nagi provided the
framework linking pathology to disability
✔✔Active pathology - ✔✔interruption or interference with the body's normal processes
and simultaneous body efforts to heal itself or regain a normal state
✔✔Impairment - ✔✔loss or abnormality of an anatomical, physiological mental or
emotional nature, deviations from normal occurring at the cellular, tissue, organ, or
system level
✔✔3 types of impairments - ✔✔- Disease process itself
- Impairment as a result of the pathology, signs, and symptoms, problems remaining
once the active pathology is resolved
- Impairment not caused by the pathology, but instead the result of a congenital problem
✔✔Functional Limitation - ✔✔an abnormality or limitation in an individual's ability to
carry out a meaningful action, task, or activity, in an efficient, competent, reasonably
expected manner, experienced a the organism level or the individual as a whole
✔✔Disability - ✔✔the inability or limitation in performing socially defined roles and/or
tasks that would normally be expected of an individual or similar gender or age within a
given culture and/or environment; these roles and/or tasks are organized by life
activities and often include; self care, home management, work, community service,
leisure activities
✔✔Pathophysiology - ✔✔an interruption of, or interference with normal physiological
and developmental processes or structures; occurs at the cellular or tissue level
