Comprehensive Fundamentals of
Nursing Practice Test | Ethics and
Healthcare Systems Questions | NCLEX
Nursing Review
Who developed the model describing the stages of nursing proficiency? - ANSWER-Dr.
Patricia Benner.
What does the Art of Nursing emphasize? - ANSWER-Compassion, caring, respect for
patient dignity, and the individuality of the patient and family.
What is the focus of the Science of Nursing? - ANSWER-A body of knowledge derived
from research and inquiry, relying on evidence-based findings.
What is the primary goal of nursing science as defined by Fawcett (2020)? - ANSWER-
To expand knowledge about human experiences through research and acquired
knowledge.
What is required for a nurse to act professionally? - ANSWER-Utilizing critical thinking
and clinical judgment beyond just following a checklist.
How has public perception rated nurses since 1999? - ANSWER-Nurses have been
rated as the most honest and ethical professionals every year, except in 2001.
What does 'the patient' refer to in nursing practice? - ANSWER-Individuals, families, or
communities.
What are the two pillars of nursing practice? - ANSWER-The Art of Nursing and the
Science of Nursing
Page 1 of 32
,What characterizes a Novice nurse according to Benner's model? - ANSWER-A
beginning student or nurse with no previous experience, learning via specific rules.
What defines an Advanced Beginner nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with some experience
who can identify meaningful aspects of nursing care.
What is the experience level of a Competent nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with 2 to 3
years of experience who understands specific patient care needs.
What distinguishes a Proficient nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with over 2 to 3 years of
experience who perceives patient situations as a whole.
What is the role of an Expert nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with diverse experience and
an intuitive grasp of clinical problems.
What are the six steps of the Nursing Process according to ANA (2021)? - ANSWER-
Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcomes Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
What does the Ethics standard in nursing practice involve? - ANSWER-Integrating
ethics into all aspects of practice.
What is the role of Advocacy in nursing? - ANSWER-Protecting a patient's human and
legal rights and helping them assert those rights.
What does the ANA definition of nursing highlight? - ANSWER-The diagnosis and
treatment of human responses to health conditions.
What is the ICN definition of nursing focused on? - ANSWER-Autonomous and
collaborative care across all settings, including health policy shaping.
What is the Code of Ethics in nursing? - ANSWER-A formal statement of philosophical
ideals of right and wrong that guides nursing practice.
Page 2 of 32
,What does Autonomy in nursing refer to? - ANSWER-The initiation of independent
nursing interventions without medical orders.
What is the role of a Caregiver in nursing? - ANSWER-Helping patients maintain and
regain health and manage symptoms, including emotional and social well-being.
What are the key tasks of an Educator in nursing? - ANSWER-Assessment,
Demonstration, and Evaluation of patient knowledge and self-care skills.
Why is effective communication important in nursing? - ANSWER-It is central to the
nurse-patient relationship.
What does the term 'Human Response' refer to in nursing? - ANSWER-How individuals
react to health conditions or life processes.
What is the significance of Resource Stewardship in nursing? - ANSWER-Utilizing
resources effectively to provide safe, effective, and fiscally responsible services.
What does Environmental Health in nursing practice aim to advance? - ANSWER-
Environmental safety and health.
What is the purpose of Quality of Practice in nursing? - ANSWER-To contribute to
quality nursing practice.
How does a nurse demonstrate Leadership? - ANSWER-By leading within the practice
setting and the profession.
What is the primary role of a communicator in nursing? - ANSWER-Effective
communication is central to the nurse-patient relationship, allowing for understanding of
patient preferences and coordination of care.
Page 3 of 32
, What are the responsibilities of a nursing manager? - ANSWER-A manager coordinates
nursing staff activities and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibilities for a
specific unit or agency.
What are the educational requirements for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses
(APRNs)? - ANSWER-APRNs require a Master's degree or Doctor of Nursing Practice
(DNP) and advanced education in advanced pathophysiology, pharmacology, and
physical assessment.
Name the four roles defined in the APRN Consensus Model. - ANSWER-1. Clinical
Nurse Specialist (CNS) 2. Nurse Practitioner (NP) 3. Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) 4.
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
What is the role of a Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)? - ANSWER-An expert clinician in
a specialized area who provides direct care and supports bedside nurses to drive
practice changes.
What does a Nurse Practitioner (NP) do? - ANSWER-Provides comprehensive care in
primary, acute, or long-term settings, managing medical and nursing care including
diagnosis and treatment.
What is the focus of a Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM)? - ANSWER-Provides
independent care during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and gynecological/family
planning services.
What is the primary function of a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)? -
ANSWER-Provides holistic anesthesia and pain care, requiring at least one year of
critical care or emergency experience before specialized education.
Page 4 of 32
Nursing Practice Test | Ethics and
Healthcare Systems Questions | NCLEX
Nursing Review
Who developed the model describing the stages of nursing proficiency? - ANSWER-Dr.
Patricia Benner.
What does the Art of Nursing emphasize? - ANSWER-Compassion, caring, respect for
patient dignity, and the individuality of the patient and family.
What is the focus of the Science of Nursing? - ANSWER-A body of knowledge derived
from research and inquiry, relying on evidence-based findings.
What is the primary goal of nursing science as defined by Fawcett (2020)? - ANSWER-
To expand knowledge about human experiences through research and acquired
knowledge.
What is required for a nurse to act professionally? - ANSWER-Utilizing critical thinking
and clinical judgment beyond just following a checklist.
How has public perception rated nurses since 1999? - ANSWER-Nurses have been
rated as the most honest and ethical professionals every year, except in 2001.
What does 'the patient' refer to in nursing practice? - ANSWER-Individuals, families, or
communities.
What are the two pillars of nursing practice? - ANSWER-The Art of Nursing and the
Science of Nursing
Page 1 of 32
,What characterizes a Novice nurse according to Benner's model? - ANSWER-A
beginning student or nurse with no previous experience, learning via specific rules.
What defines an Advanced Beginner nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with some experience
who can identify meaningful aspects of nursing care.
What is the experience level of a Competent nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with 2 to 3
years of experience who understands specific patient care needs.
What distinguishes a Proficient nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with over 2 to 3 years of
experience who perceives patient situations as a whole.
What is the role of an Expert nurse? - ANSWER-A nurse with diverse experience and
an intuitive grasp of clinical problems.
What are the six steps of the Nursing Process according to ANA (2021)? - ANSWER-
Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcomes Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
What does the Ethics standard in nursing practice involve? - ANSWER-Integrating
ethics into all aspects of practice.
What is the role of Advocacy in nursing? - ANSWER-Protecting a patient's human and
legal rights and helping them assert those rights.
What does the ANA definition of nursing highlight? - ANSWER-The diagnosis and
treatment of human responses to health conditions.
What is the ICN definition of nursing focused on? - ANSWER-Autonomous and
collaborative care across all settings, including health policy shaping.
What is the Code of Ethics in nursing? - ANSWER-A formal statement of philosophical
ideals of right and wrong that guides nursing practice.
Page 2 of 32
,What does Autonomy in nursing refer to? - ANSWER-The initiation of independent
nursing interventions without medical orders.
What is the role of a Caregiver in nursing? - ANSWER-Helping patients maintain and
regain health and manage symptoms, including emotional and social well-being.
What are the key tasks of an Educator in nursing? - ANSWER-Assessment,
Demonstration, and Evaluation of patient knowledge and self-care skills.
Why is effective communication important in nursing? - ANSWER-It is central to the
nurse-patient relationship.
What does the term 'Human Response' refer to in nursing? - ANSWER-How individuals
react to health conditions or life processes.
What is the significance of Resource Stewardship in nursing? - ANSWER-Utilizing
resources effectively to provide safe, effective, and fiscally responsible services.
What does Environmental Health in nursing practice aim to advance? - ANSWER-
Environmental safety and health.
What is the purpose of Quality of Practice in nursing? - ANSWER-To contribute to
quality nursing practice.
How does a nurse demonstrate Leadership? - ANSWER-By leading within the practice
setting and the profession.
What is the primary role of a communicator in nursing? - ANSWER-Effective
communication is central to the nurse-patient relationship, allowing for understanding of
patient preferences and coordination of care.
Page 3 of 32
, What are the responsibilities of a nursing manager? - ANSWER-A manager coordinates
nursing staff activities and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibilities for a
specific unit or agency.
What are the educational requirements for Advanced Practice Registered Nurses
(APRNs)? - ANSWER-APRNs require a Master's degree or Doctor of Nursing Practice
(DNP) and advanced education in advanced pathophysiology, pharmacology, and
physical assessment.
Name the four roles defined in the APRN Consensus Model. - ANSWER-1. Clinical
Nurse Specialist (CNS) 2. Nurse Practitioner (NP) 3. Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM) 4.
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
What is the role of a Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)? - ANSWER-An expert clinician in
a specialized area who provides direct care and supports bedside nurses to drive
practice changes.
What does a Nurse Practitioner (NP) do? - ANSWER-Provides comprehensive care in
primary, acute, or long-term settings, managing medical and nursing care including
diagnosis and treatment.
What is the focus of a Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM)? - ANSWER-Provides
independent care during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and gynecological/family
planning services.
What is the primary function of a Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)? -
ANSWER-Provides holistic anesthesia and pain care, requiring at least one year of
critical care or emergency experience before specialized education.
Page 4 of 32
