Chapter 14 Questions AND ANSWERS
100% CORRECT!!
1) Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis?
A) bacteria in the human colon
B) tapeworm in the human intestine
C) tuberculosis in the human lung
D) protozoa in termites
E) microbes passing across the placenta to the fetus - ANSWER Microbes passing
across the placenta to the fetus
2) Mutualism is a relationship... - ANSWER that sometimes provides benefits for both
members such that one or both parties cannot live without the other
Figure 14.1 represents a Petri dish with a fungus (F), shown in darker gray, growing in
the midst of bacterial lawn (B), shown in light gray. The relationship between the fungus
and the bacteria would best be described as... - ANSWER Amensal
The fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci is found in the lungs of most people in low numbers,
in immunocompromised people it overgrows, resulting in severe respiratory problems.
The fungus is best described as - ANSWER Both resident microbiota and opportunistic
pathogen
Chagas' disease is transmitted by a bug with mouthparts that penetrate blood vessels.
Which type of exposure does this represent? - ANSWER parenteral route
Symptoms are... - ANSWER Subjective characteristics of a disease that only the patient
can feel.
The close contact between newborns and family members allow them to become
________ with microbes that become established as their microbiota. (Choose the most
accurate term.) - ANSWER colonized
In which of the following do the mucous membranes serve as a portal of entry for
disease? - ANSWER A person rubs the eye with contaminated fingers and the
pathogen is washed into the nasal cavity by way of tears.
, Which of the following statements regarding the demonstration of the etiology of
disease is FALSE? - ANSWER The suspect agent must be the only potential pathogen
present in disease cases.
Which of the following situations is NOT a way in which a baby acquires normal
microbiota?
A) The baby acquires the residential microbiota in the colon after the first meal.
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis is transferred from the hospital staff to the newborn after
delivery.
C) Microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy.
D) Microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby's first breath.
E) Microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal. - ANSWER
C) microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy
Which of the following situations might cause normal microbiota to become
opportunistic pathogens?
A) growth of microbes on the surface of intact skin
B) growth of microorganisms on the excreted cellular wastes and dead cells in the large
intestine
C) treatment of a cancer patient with radiation
D) growth of Lactobacillus on the surface of teeth
E) presence of Entamoeba in the lumen of the colon - ANSWER C) treatment of a
cancer patient with radiation.
Among the virulence factors produced by
Staphylococcus aureus
are hemolysin, coagulase,
hyaluronidase, and enterotoxin. Which of these factors contribute to the ability of S.
aureus to invade the body?
A) coagulase
B) enterotoxin
C) hemolysin
D) hyaluronidase
E) coagulase and hemolysin - ANSWER Hyaluronidase
Which of the following stages of an infectious disease is the most severe?
A) the incubation period
B) the prodromal period
C) the illness period
D) the decline period
E) the convalescence period - ANSWER C) the illness period
100% CORRECT!!
1) Which of the following is NOT an example of symbiosis?
A) bacteria in the human colon
B) tapeworm in the human intestine
C) tuberculosis in the human lung
D) protozoa in termites
E) microbes passing across the placenta to the fetus - ANSWER Microbes passing
across the placenta to the fetus
2) Mutualism is a relationship... - ANSWER that sometimes provides benefits for both
members such that one or both parties cannot live without the other
Figure 14.1 represents a Petri dish with a fungus (F), shown in darker gray, growing in
the midst of bacterial lawn (B), shown in light gray. The relationship between the fungus
and the bacteria would best be described as... - ANSWER Amensal
The fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci is found in the lungs of most people in low numbers,
in immunocompromised people it overgrows, resulting in severe respiratory problems.
The fungus is best described as - ANSWER Both resident microbiota and opportunistic
pathogen
Chagas' disease is transmitted by a bug with mouthparts that penetrate blood vessels.
Which type of exposure does this represent? - ANSWER parenteral route
Symptoms are... - ANSWER Subjective characteristics of a disease that only the patient
can feel.
The close contact between newborns and family members allow them to become
________ with microbes that become established as their microbiota. (Choose the most
accurate term.) - ANSWER colonized
In which of the following do the mucous membranes serve as a portal of entry for
disease? - ANSWER A person rubs the eye with contaminated fingers and the
pathogen is washed into the nasal cavity by way of tears.
, Which of the following statements regarding the demonstration of the etiology of
disease is FALSE? - ANSWER The suspect agent must be the only potential pathogen
present in disease cases.
Which of the following situations is NOT a way in which a baby acquires normal
microbiota?
A) The baby acquires the residential microbiota in the colon after the first meal.
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis is transferred from the hospital staff to the newborn after
delivery.
C) Microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy.
D) Microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby's first breath.
E) Microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal. - ANSWER
C) microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy
Which of the following situations might cause normal microbiota to become
opportunistic pathogens?
A) growth of microbes on the surface of intact skin
B) growth of microorganisms on the excreted cellular wastes and dead cells in the large
intestine
C) treatment of a cancer patient with radiation
D) growth of Lactobacillus on the surface of teeth
E) presence of Entamoeba in the lumen of the colon - ANSWER C) treatment of a
cancer patient with radiation.
Among the virulence factors produced by
Staphylococcus aureus
are hemolysin, coagulase,
hyaluronidase, and enterotoxin. Which of these factors contribute to the ability of S.
aureus to invade the body?
A) coagulase
B) enterotoxin
C) hemolysin
D) hyaluronidase
E) coagulase and hemolysin - ANSWER Hyaluronidase
Which of the following stages of an infectious disease is the most severe?
A) the incubation period
B) the prodromal period
C) the illness period
D) the decline period
E) the convalescence period - ANSWER C) the illness period
