ITLS Exam Preparation
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
[LATEST 2026-2027] 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
What are at least six anticipated injuries from a fall? - CORRECT ANSWER--Fractures of the feet
or legs
-Hip and/or pelvic injuries
-Axial loading to the lumbar and cervical spine
-Vertebrae compression fracture
-Vertical deceleration forces to the organs
-Colles fractures of the wrists
Identify the two most common forms of penetrating injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Knife and gun
Discuss associated mechanisms of the two most common forms of penetrating injuries and
extent of these injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Knife depends on the anatomic area penetrated,
length of the blade, and angle of penetration. Low-energy injury and tissue damage confined to
the direct path of the blade.
,Guns depends on the anatomic area penetrated, on type of weapon, caliber (size of bullet), and
distance from which the weapon was fired. High-energy injury and tissue damage usually not
confined to the direct path of the bullet.
What are the four injury mechanisms involved in blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary =
Air blast
2. Secondary = Material (shrapnel) propelled by the blast force
3. Tertiary = Body impact with ground or object
4. Quinary = (Delayed type of injury) Hyperinflammatory state from exposure to contaminants
(ex: burns, chemical, biological, radiological)
Relate how the four injury mechanisms involved in blast injuries relate to patient assessment -
CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary = Air containing organs injuries (ex: Ears, lungs, gastrointestinal
tract) can lead to ruptured tympanic membranes, pneumothorax, parenchymal hemorrhage,
aveolar rupture
2. Secondary = May be penetrating or blunt, as well at higher velocities than high powered rifles
3. Tertiary = injuries similar to being ejected from a vehicle or fallen from a height. Injuries
depend on what the person impacts
4. Quinary = Dirty bombs (dispersing toxic chemicals, biological agents or radiological agents)
What four things can interrupt the patient assessment sequence in the ITLS Primary Survey? -
CORRECT ANSWER--The scene becomes unsafe
-You must treat exsanguinating hemorrhage
-You must treat an airway obstruction
-You must treat cardiac arrest
,*Respiratory arrest, dyspnea, or bleeding management should be delegated to other team
members while you continue assessment of the patient.
In a team setting, when a critical condition has been found on a patient, when and how should
it be managed? - CORRECT ANSWER-Instruct the other members of the emergency medical
team to carry out the intervention immediately
At least which 9 factors classify as a "Load N Go" patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Initial
assessment reveals:
-Altered mental status
-Abnormal breathing
-Abnormal circulation (shock or uncontrolled bleeding)
2. Signs discovered during the rapid trauma survey of conditions that can rapidly lead to shock:
-Penetrating wounds of the torso
-Abnormal chest exam (flail chest, open wound, tension pneumothorax, hemothorax)
-Tender, distended abdomen
-Pelvic instability
-Bilateral femur fractures
3. Significant mechanism of injury and/or poor general health of patient
What does "MCI" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Multiple Casualty Incident"
What does "SMR" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Spinal Motion Restriction"
What does "ETCO2" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"End-Tidal CO2"
, What is normal ETCO2 range? - CORRECT ANSWER-35-40 mmHg
Name at least three events that trigger the need to perform an ITLS Ongoing Exam? - CORRECT
ANSWER--Each time the patient is moved
-Each time an intervention is performed
-Any time the patient's condition worsens
How often should the ITLS Ongoing exam be performed? (two different scenarios) - CORRECT
ANSWER-1. Every 5 minutes for unstable patients
2. Every 15 minutes for stable patients
How quickly should you identify which patients require "Load and Go"? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Within two minutes
Describe the anatomy of the respiratory system - CORRECT ANSWER-Nose, Uvula ->
Mouth, teeth, tongue ->
->Tonsil, Epiglottis, Hyoid bone, Vocal cords, Trachea
Describe the physiology of the respiratory system starting from the nose and mouth until gas
exchange happens - CORRECT ANSWER-The airway begins at the tip of the nose and the lips and
proceeds then if through the nose down the nasopharynx, if through the mouth, oropharynx,
into the hypopharynx and then down the larynx through the trachea and bronchi ending at the
alveolocapillary membrane.
What does "ELM" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"External Laryngeal Manipulation"
What are the major anatomic landmarks from the teeth (for placing an endotracheal tube at the
correct level for an average adult)? - CORRECT ANSWER-15 cm -> Teeth to vocal cords
20 cm -> Teeth to sternal notch
EXAM QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
[LATEST 2026-2027] 100%
GUARANTEED PASS
What are at least six anticipated injuries from a fall? - CORRECT ANSWER--Fractures of the feet
or legs
-Hip and/or pelvic injuries
-Axial loading to the lumbar and cervical spine
-Vertebrae compression fracture
-Vertical deceleration forces to the organs
-Colles fractures of the wrists
Identify the two most common forms of penetrating injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Knife and gun
Discuss associated mechanisms of the two most common forms of penetrating injuries and
extent of these injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-Knife depends on the anatomic area penetrated,
length of the blade, and angle of penetration. Low-energy injury and tissue damage confined to
the direct path of the blade.
,Guns depends on the anatomic area penetrated, on type of weapon, caliber (size of bullet), and
distance from which the weapon was fired. High-energy injury and tissue damage usually not
confined to the direct path of the bullet.
What are the four injury mechanisms involved in blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary =
Air blast
2. Secondary = Material (shrapnel) propelled by the blast force
3. Tertiary = Body impact with ground or object
4. Quinary = (Delayed type of injury) Hyperinflammatory state from exposure to contaminants
(ex: burns, chemical, biological, radiological)
Relate how the four injury mechanisms involved in blast injuries relate to patient assessment -
CORRECT ANSWER-1. Primary = Air containing organs injuries (ex: Ears, lungs, gastrointestinal
tract) can lead to ruptured tympanic membranes, pneumothorax, parenchymal hemorrhage,
aveolar rupture
2. Secondary = May be penetrating or blunt, as well at higher velocities than high powered rifles
3. Tertiary = injuries similar to being ejected from a vehicle or fallen from a height. Injuries
depend on what the person impacts
4. Quinary = Dirty bombs (dispersing toxic chemicals, biological agents or radiological agents)
What four things can interrupt the patient assessment sequence in the ITLS Primary Survey? -
CORRECT ANSWER--The scene becomes unsafe
-You must treat exsanguinating hemorrhage
-You must treat an airway obstruction
-You must treat cardiac arrest
,*Respiratory arrest, dyspnea, or bleeding management should be delegated to other team
members while you continue assessment of the patient.
In a team setting, when a critical condition has been found on a patient, when and how should
it be managed? - CORRECT ANSWER-Instruct the other members of the emergency medical
team to carry out the intervention immediately
At least which 9 factors classify as a "Load N Go" patient? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Initial
assessment reveals:
-Altered mental status
-Abnormal breathing
-Abnormal circulation (shock or uncontrolled bleeding)
2. Signs discovered during the rapid trauma survey of conditions that can rapidly lead to shock:
-Penetrating wounds of the torso
-Abnormal chest exam (flail chest, open wound, tension pneumothorax, hemothorax)
-Tender, distended abdomen
-Pelvic instability
-Bilateral femur fractures
3. Significant mechanism of injury and/or poor general health of patient
What does "MCI" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Multiple Casualty Incident"
What does "SMR" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"Spinal Motion Restriction"
What does "ETCO2" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"End-Tidal CO2"
, What is normal ETCO2 range? - CORRECT ANSWER-35-40 mmHg
Name at least three events that trigger the need to perform an ITLS Ongoing Exam? - CORRECT
ANSWER--Each time the patient is moved
-Each time an intervention is performed
-Any time the patient's condition worsens
How often should the ITLS Ongoing exam be performed? (two different scenarios) - CORRECT
ANSWER-1. Every 5 minutes for unstable patients
2. Every 15 minutes for stable patients
How quickly should you identify which patients require "Load and Go"? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Within two minutes
Describe the anatomy of the respiratory system - CORRECT ANSWER-Nose, Uvula ->
Mouth, teeth, tongue ->
->Tonsil, Epiglottis, Hyoid bone, Vocal cords, Trachea
Describe the physiology of the respiratory system starting from the nose and mouth until gas
exchange happens - CORRECT ANSWER-The airway begins at the tip of the nose and the lips and
proceeds then if through the nose down the nasopharynx, if through the mouth, oropharynx,
into the hypopharynx and then down the larynx through the trachea and bronchi ending at the
alveolocapillary membrane.
What does "ELM" stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-"External Laryngeal Manipulation"
What are the major anatomic landmarks from the teeth (for placing an endotracheal tube at the
correct level for an average adult)? - CORRECT ANSWER-15 cm -> Teeth to vocal cords
20 cm -> Teeth to sternal notch
