Biology - ANSWER-The scientific study of life
Life - ANSWER-Composite of cells, cellularity
Domain - ANSWER-Classification of shape and design of cell, form and function
Emergent Property - ANSWER-Result from arrangement and interactions among
components and parts. things that may not interact in predicted ways when put together
(ex. sand)
Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observation, Hypothesis, Predictions, Tests vie
experiments, Analysis
Theory - ANSWER-Supported by large body of evidence, proven time and time again
and never to be shown as incorrect.
Evolution - ANSWER-Common Descent with modification (Darwin
Mutation - ANSWER-Changes in genes, affect organism function, develop or behave,
inherited to offspring of mutant individuals
Adaptation - ANSWER-Variations in population that improve fitness
Natural Selection - ANSWER-Increased fitness = Increased survival / reproduction
Energy - ANSWER-Capacity to do work or change within a living system
Flows in one direction and is lost by waste heat
Matter - ANSWER-Physical substance that takes up space and prosses rest mass
What is needed to be considered life? - ANSWER-1. Cellular (order)
2. Able to use energy (metabolism) (energy processing)
3. Able to control its inner environment (homeostasis) (regulation)
4. Able to react to external environment
5. Reproductible (pass on instructions to next generation via DNA)
6. Able to grow and develop
7. Able to change and pass those changes to future generations (mutations in DNA
allow for variation, selection and evolution) (Evolutionary Adaptation)
,Structural Hierarchy - ANSWER-Atoms -> Molecules -> Organelles -> Cells -> Tissues -
> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organism -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystem ->
Biosphere
Linnaean Taxonomic Classification - ANSWER-Taxonomists name species and classify
them into broader groups based on shape and design of the cell
Domains - ANSWER-Bacterial
Archaea
Eukarya
Kingdoms of Eukarya - ANSWER-Plants
Animals
Protists
Fungi
Prokaryotes - ANSWER-- Bacteria and Archaea
- Archaea is more similar to Eukarya than to Bacteria
- Form simple cells that lack internal membrane bound structures
Eukaryotes - ANSWER-Contains nuclei, mitochondria, and many other membrane
bound structures
4 Steps of the Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion
Observation - ANSWER-Using senses or tools to study something of interest
Hypothesis - ANSWER-An educated guess on how this is, or how this sytem operates
Experiment - ANSWER-A controlled test by which we manipulate the system in a
controlled way to elicit a change
Conclusion - ANSWER-The results can support or disprove your hypothesis, another
observation
Independent Variable - ANSWER-The change that we impose on the experimental
group is
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-The change that our independent variable causes
Controlled Variable - ANSWER-We always use this when setting up experiment,
variable to compare the changes with, show us what the outcome would look like if we
had no affect or positive affect
Properties of Life - ANSWER-Order
Reproduction
Growth and Development
Energy Processing
Regulation
Response to Environment
Evolutionary Adaptation
What is a cell? - ANSWER-Structural and functional unit of life
Cellularity - ANSWER-Composite of cells pick spot and organize that area, enclosed bit
of universe that organisms decide to organize
Organelles - ANSWER-Molecules that combine together to carry out specific roles (form
follows function)
Data - ANSWER-Observable and objective results of an experiment
, Positive Control - ANSWER-Treatment with known response
Negative Control - ANSWER-Not being subjected to the test
Selective pressure leads to ___ - ANSWER-evolution
DNA is responsible for - ANSWER-heredity and programming of cell activity by
providing blueprint for proteins
Structure of a protein correlates with ___ - ANSWER-its function
Ecosystems are characterized by - ANSWER-cycling of matter from atmosphere to the
soil through producers, consumers, and decomposers
Atom - ANSWER-Smallest functional units of life, smallest unit of an element
Element - ANSWER-specific type of atom, based on number of protons in the nucleus,
substances composed of only one type of atom
Neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle with no charge
Proton - ANSWER-positively charged subatomic particle
Electron - ANSWER-negatively charge subatomic particle
Nucleus - ANSWER-center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons
Orbital - ANSWER-regions surrounding the nucleus, occupied by electrons,
arrangement determines how atoms interact with other atoms
Chemical Bonding - ANSWER-
Isotope - ANSWER-
Valence Shell - ANSWER-Outermost shell, vacancies in this shell determine the atoms
binding properties
Polar - ANSWER-unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond due to difference in
electro negativities
Non-Polar - ANSWER-equal sharing of electrons
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-water fearing
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-water loving
Cohesion - ANSWER-water molecules cling to each other due to Hydrogen bonding
Adhesion - ANSWER-water molecules cling to polar surfaces
Solution - ANSWER-Liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances
Buffer - ANSWER-Can act as a weak acid or weak base, minimizing changes in PH,
bind H+ when PH is low and release H+ when PH is high
What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons: positive
Electrons: negative
Neutrons: no charge
What are the weights of protons, neutrons, and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons: 1 AMU
Electrons: too small to measure
Neutrons: 1 AMU
What are the locations of the protons, neutrons, and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons:
nucleus
Electrons: Orbital shells
Neutrons: nucleus
Bohr Model of atom - ANSWER-
Orbital 1 can hold ___ electrons
Orbital 2 - 4 can hold ___ electrons - ANSWER-
What is the atomic symbol stand for and the parts? - ANSWER-Mass:
Atomic Number:
Life - ANSWER-Composite of cells, cellularity
Domain - ANSWER-Classification of shape and design of cell, form and function
Emergent Property - ANSWER-Result from arrangement and interactions among
components and parts. things that may not interact in predicted ways when put together
(ex. sand)
Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observation, Hypothesis, Predictions, Tests vie
experiments, Analysis
Theory - ANSWER-Supported by large body of evidence, proven time and time again
and never to be shown as incorrect.
Evolution - ANSWER-Common Descent with modification (Darwin
Mutation - ANSWER-Changes in genes, affect organism function, develop or behave,
inherited to offspring of mutant individuals
Adaptation - ANSWER-Variations in population that improve fitness
Natural Selection - ANSWER-Increased fitness = Increased survival / reproduction
Energy - ANSWER-Capacity to do work or change within a living system
Flows in one direction and is lost by waste heat
Matter - ANSWER-Physical substance that takes up space and prosses rest mass
What is needed to be considered life? - ANSWER-1. Cellular (order)
2. Able to use energy (metabolism) (energy processing)
3. Able to control its inner environment (homeostasis) (regulation)
4. Able to react to external environment
5. Reproductible (pass on instructions to next generation via DNA)
6. Able to grow and develop
7. Able to change and pass those changes to future generations (mutations in DNA
allow for variation, selection and evolution) (Evolutionary Adaptation)
,Structural Hierarchy - ANSWER-Atoms -> Molecules -> Organelles -> Cells -> Tissues -
> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organism -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystem ->
Biosphere
Linnaean Taxonomic Classification - ANSWER-Taxonomists name species and classify
them into broader groups based on shape and design of the cell
Domains - ANSWER-Bacterial
Archaea
Eukarya
Kingdoms of Eukarya - ANSWER-Plants
Animals
Protists
Fungi
Prokaryotes - ANSWER-- Bacteria and Archaea
- Archaea is more similar to Eukarya than to Bacteria
- Form simple cells that lack internal membrane bound structures
Eukaryotes - ANSWER-Contains nuclei, mitochondria, and many other membrane
bound structures
4 Steps of the Scientific Method - ANSWER-Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Conclusion
Observation - ANSWER-Using senses or tools to study something of interest
Hypothesis - ANSWER-An educated guess on how this is, or how this sytem operates
Experiment - ANSWER-A controlled test by which we manipulate the system in a
controlled way to elicit a change
Conclusion - ANSWER-The results can support or disprove your hypothesis, another
observation
Independent Variable - ANSWER-The change that we impose on the experimental
group is
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-The change that our independent variable causes
Controlled Variable - ANSWER-We always use this when setting up experiment,
variable to compare the changes with, show us what the outcome would look like if we
had no affect or positive affect
Properties of Life - ANSWER-Order
Reproduction
Growth and Development
Energy Processing
Regulation
Response to Environment
Evolutionary Adaptation
What is a cell? - ANSWER-Structural and functional unit of life
Cellularity - ANSWER-Composite of cells pick spot and organize that area, enclosed bit
of universe that organisms decide to organize
Organelles - ANSWER-Molecules that combine together to carry out specific roles (form
follows function)
Data - ANSWER-Observable and objective results of an experiment
, Positive Control - ANSWER-Treatment with known response
Negative Control - ANSWER-Not being subjected to the test
Selective pressure leads to ___ - ANSWER-evolution
DNA is responsible for - ANSWER-heredity and programming of cell activity by
providing blueprint for proteins
Structure of a protein correlates with ___ - ANSWER-its function
Ecosystems are characterized by - ANSWER-cycling of matter from atmosphere to the
soil through producers, consumers, and decomposers
Atom - ANSWER-Smallest functional units of life, smallest unit of an element
Element - ANSWER-specific type of atom, based on number of protons in the nucleus,
substances composed of only one type of atom
Neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle with no charge
Proton - ANSWER-positively charged subatomic particle
Electron - ANSWER-negatively charge subatomic particle
Nucleus - ANSWER-center of an atom, containing protons and neutrons
Orbital - ANSWER-regions surrounding the nucleus, occupied by electrons,
arrangement determines how atoms interact with other atoms
Chemical Bonding - ANSWER-
Isotope - ANSWER-
Valence Shell - ANSWER-Outermost shell, vacancies in this shell determine the atoms
binding properties
Polar - ANSWER-unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond due to difference in
electro negativities
Non-Polar - ANSWER-equal sharing of electrons
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-water fearing
Hydrophilic - ANSWER-water loving
Cohesion - ANSWER-water molecules cling to each other due to Hydrogen bonding
Adhesion - ANSWER-water molecules cling to polar surfaces
Solution - ANSWER-Liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances
Buffer - ANSWER-Can act as a weak acid or weak base, minimizing changes in PH,
bind H+ when PH is low and release H+ when PH is high
What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons: positive
Electrons: negative
Neutrons: no charge
What are the weights of protons, neutrons, and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons: 1 AMU
Electrons: too small to measure
Neutrons: 1 AMU
What are the locations of the protons, neutrons, and electrons? - ANSWER-Protons:
nucleus
Electrons: Orbital shells
Neutrons: nucleus
Bohr Model of atom - ANSWER-
Orbital 1 can hold ___ electrons
Orbital 2 - 4 can hold ___ electrons - ANSWER-
What is the atomic symbol stand for and the parts? - ANSWER-Mass:
Atomic Number:
