SPCE 630 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔When using bar graphs, the height of the bar indicate the _____________ of the
data? - ✔✔magnitude
✔✔When data are not collected continuously, what should be placed on the x-axis? -
✔✔scale break
✔✔Condition change lines are dotted and used to indicate major changes within an
experimental condition - ✔✔false
✔✔Which form of data is often reported in tables? - ✔✔participant demographics
✔✔Variations of line graphs include: - ✔✔multiple dimensions of the same behavior
✔✔An effective graph presents data (check all that apply - ✔✔without distortion
without bias
clearly
completely
accurately
✔✔a guess about what the data would show if there is no change in the experimental
conditions - ✔✔prediction
✔✔the data trend show the IV may have had an effect on the DV - ✔✔affirmation
✔✔the data trend show there is a cause-effect relation between the IV and DV at the
simplest level - ✔✔verification
✔✔the data trend repeats the effect that the IV has on the DV, increasing the
researcher's confidence that a functional relation exists between the IV and DV -
✔✔replication
✔✔Phase A1 on graph - ✔✔prediction
✔✔Phase B1 on graph - ✔✔affirmation
✔✔Phase A2 on graph - ✔✔verification
, ✔✔Phase B2 on graph - ✔✔replication
✔✔Phases on graph - ✔✔A1 (baseline or prediction)
B1 (affirmation)
A2 (verification)
B2 (replication)
✔✔ Inconsistent implementation of condition protocols refers to which threat to internal
validity? - ✔✔procedural infidelity
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding includes observation and accurate
description of phenomena? - ✔✔description
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding refers to observing the correlation between
two variables? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding refers to reliable change produced by change
in the IV? - ✔✔control
✔✔SCRD differs from group design in that the participant serves as their own -
✔✔control
✔✔Articles in which researchers report the findings of original research are - ✔✔primary
research
✔✔Articles in which the authors summarize the findings of other researchers are -
✔✔review articles
✔✔Articles that report statistical analyses from existing research are - ✔✔meta
analyses
✔✔Duration recording is a suitable data collection method for all of the following
behaviors except - ✔✔number of times a student engaged in physical aggression
✔✔Event recording is used to measure behaviors that - ✔✔have a clear beginning and
end
do not occur at a frequency that is too high to count
are brief and temporary
✔✔Variables manipulated by researchers are known as - ✔✔Independent variables
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔When using bar graphs, the height of the bar indicate the _____________ of the
data? - ✔✔magnitude
✔✔When data are not collected continuously, what should be placed on the x-axis? -
✔✔scale break
✔✔Condition change lines are dotted and used to indicate major changes within an
experimental condition - ✔✔false
✔✔Which form of data is often reported in tables? - ✔✔participant demographics
✔✔Variations of line graphs include: - ✔✔multiple dimensions of the same behavior
✔✔An effective graph presents data (check all that apply - ✔✔without distortion
without bias
clearly
completely
accurately
✔✔a guess about what the data would show if there is no change in the experimental
conditions - ✔✔prediction
✔✔the data trend show the IV may have had an effect on the DV - ✔✔affirmation
✔✔the data trend show there is a cause-effect relation between the IV and DV at the
simplest level - ✔✔verification
✔✔the data trend repeats the effect that the IV has on the DV, increasing the
researcher's confidence that a functional relation exists between the IV and DV -
✔✔replication
✔✔Phase A1 on graph - ✔✔prediction
✔✔Phase B1 on graph - ✔✔affirmation
✔✔Phase A2 on graph - ✔✔verification
, ✔✔Phase B2 on graph - ✔✔replication
✔✔Phases on graph - ✔✔A1 (baseline or prediction)
B1 (affirmation)
A2 (verification)
B2 (replication)
✔✔ Inconsistent implementation of condition protocols refers to which threat to internal
validity? - ✔✔procedural infidelity
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding includes observation and accurate
description of phenomena? - ✔✔description
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding refers to observing the correlation between
two variables? - ✔✔hypothesis
✔✔Which level of scientific understanding refers to reliable change produced by change
in the IV? - ✔✔control
✔✔SCRD differs from group design in that the participant serves as their own -
✔✔control
✔✔Articles in which researchers report the findings of original research are - ✔✔primary
research
✔✔Articles in which the authors summarize the findings of other researchers are -
✔✔review articles
✔✔Articles that report statistical analyses from existing research are - ✔✔meta
analyses
✔✔Duration recording is a suitable data collection method for all of the following
behaviors except - ✔✔number of times a student engaged in physical aggression
✔✔Event recording is used to measure behaviors that - ✔✔have a clear beginning and
end
do not occur at a frequency that is too high to count
are brief and temporary
✔✔Variables manipulated by researchers are known as - ✔✔Independent variables
