SPCE 630 FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
✔✔Researchers want to determine if sleep deprivation affects exam scores in college
students. The researchers plan to calculate a test statistic. Which would be a more
appropriate study design - ✔✔Group design
✔✔Researchers want to know if providing noncontingent attention will reduce a 3-year-
old's attention-maintained physical aggression. The researcher will use visual analysis.
Which would be a more appropriate study design? - ✔✔Single case research design
✔✔Measures of central tendency include which of the following (check all that apply -
✔✔mean, median, mode
✔✔Measures of dispersion include which of the following (check all that apply): -
✔✔standard deviation, variance, range
✔✔Steps of sampling include which of the following (check all that apply) - ✔✔defining
the population
defining the sample
determining the sample size needed (use power and effect size)
determining the method for pulling the sample
✔✔Which type of sampling error refers to a lack of true understanding of the population
researchers want to study? - ✔✔population error
✔✔Which type of sampling error refers to the wrong sub-population being used to select
the sample? - ✔✔selection error
✔✔Which statistical considerations are used to determine the sample size needed for a
study? - ✔✔power, effect size, rejection criteria
✔✔Critics of single case research design methodology argue that results cannot
generalize outside of the study due to - ✔✔too few participants
✔✔Replication is the ability to repeat the effect of which of the following - ✔✔dependent
variable
✔✔Within-study direct replication includes all of the following EXCEPT - ✔✔treatment
package administration
, ✔✔What distinguishes clinical replication from direct replication? - ✔✔experimenters
administering a treatment package
✔✔The number of variables that change between studies will determine the extent of: -
✔✔generality
✔✔Failure to replicate the findings of a study reveals its: - ✔✔limitations
✔✔Successful systematic replication leads to greater evidence of (check all that apply) -
✔✔reliability, generality
✔✔Which type of replication is the repetition of an experiment by the same
experimenter? - ✔✔direct replication
✔✔Which type of replication involves conducting a series of studies and incorporating
systematic change? - ✔✔systematic replication
✔✔Purposes of replication involve which of the following (check all that apply): -
✔✔assessing internal validity
finding exception
assessing external validity
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of SCRD? - ✔✔participants are split
into a control group and treatment group
✔✔How many replication attempts must SCRD contain in order to meet evidence
standards? - ✔✔three
✔✔Which of the following designs minimally meets the standards for demonstrating an
intervention effect? - ✔✔ABAB
✔✔How many data points should each phase in SCRD ideally include? - ✔✔5
✔✔According to Horner et al. (2015), dependent variables are selected for their (check
all that apply): - ✔✔importance to the participant, importance to those who come in
contact with the participant, importance to society
✔✔As scientist practitioners, behavior analysts are responsible for (check all that
apply): - ✔✔actively reading the literature
GRADED A+
✔✔Researchers want to determine if sleep deprivation affects exam scores in college
students. The researchers plan to calculate a test statistic. Which would be a more
appropriate study design - ✔✔Group design
✔✔Researchers want to know if providing noncontingent attention will reduce a 3-year-
old's attention-maintained physical aggression. The researcher will use visual analysis.
Which would be a more appropriate study design? - ✔✔Single case research design
✔✔Measures of central tendency include which of the following (check all that apply -
✔✔mean, median, mode
✔✔Measures of dispersion include which of the following (check all that apply): -
✔✔standard deviation, variance, range
✔✔Steps of sampling include which of the following (check all that apply) - ✔✔defining
the population
defining the sample
determining the sample size needed (use power and effect size)
determining the method for pulling the sample
✔✔Which type of sampling error refers to a lack of true understanding of the population
researchers want to study? - ✔✔population error
✔✔Which type of sampling error refers to the wrong sub-population being used to select
the sample? - ✔✔selection error
✔✔Which statistical considerations are used to determine the sample size needed for a
study? - ✔✔power, effect size, rejection criteria
✔✔Critics of single case research design methodology argue that results cannot
generalize outside of the study due to - ✔✔too few participants
✔✔Replication is the ability to repeat the effect of which of the following - ✔✔dependent
variable
✔✔Within-study direct replication includes all of the following EXCEPT - ✔✔treatment
package administration
, ✔✔What distinguishes clinical replication from direct replication? - ✔✔experimenters
administering a treatment package
✔✔The number of variables that change between studies will determine the extent of: -
✔✔generality
✔✔Failure to replicate the findings of a study reveals its: - ✔✔limitations
✔✔Successful systematic replication leads to greater evidence of (check all that apply) -
✔✔reliability, generality
✔✔Which type of replication is the repetition of an experiment by the same
experimenter? - ✔✔direct replication
✔✔Which type of replication involves conducting a series of studies and incorporating
systematic change? - ✔✔systematic replication
✔✔Purposes of replication involve which of the following (check all that apply): -
✔✔assessing internal validity
finding exception
assessing external validity
✔✔Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of SCRD? - ✔✔participants are split
into a control group and treatment group
✔✔How many replication attempts must SCRD contain in order to meet evidence
standards? - ✔✔three
✔✔Which of the following designs minimally meets the standards for demonstrating an
intervention effect? - ✔✔ABAB
✔✔How many data points should each phase in SCRD ideally include? - ✔✔5
✔✔According to Horner et al. (2015), dependent variables are selected for their (check
all that apply): - ✔✔importance to the participant, importance to those who come in
contact with the participant, importance to society
✔✔As scientist practitioners, behavior analysts are responsible for (check all that
apply): - ✔✔actively reading the literature
