Adult Medical-Surgical Nursing Final Exam
Newest 2026 Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers Already Graded A+
What is distributive shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock caused by
vasodilation leading to relative hypovolemia, including septic, anaphylactic,
and neurogenic shock.
What characterizes septic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Vasodilation,
capillary leak, and microthrombi leading to maldistribution of blood.
What are the priorities in treating septic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Oxygen, cultures, broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluids, and vasopressors if
MAP remains <65 after fluids.
What is obstructive shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock caused by
physical obstruction preventing heart filling or pumping.
,What is Beck's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER-A clinical sign of cardiac
tamponade characterized by muffled heart sounds, JVD, and hypotension.
What are universal nursing priorities in shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Airway and oxygen, monitoring, rapid assessment, IV access, labs, and
fluids/blood/pressors.
What is the significance of altered mental status in shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-It indicates worsening perfusion and is a critical assessment cue.
What are common exam traps related to shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Choosing labs/IVs before airway/oxygen, underestimating lactate
significance, and misinterpreting normal BP as no shock.
What teaching should be provided for patients at risk of shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Recognize signs of shock, when to seek emergency care, and
the importance of hydration and infection prevention.
,What is the first action to take in a shock situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ensure airway and provide oxygen.
What is the role of fluids in hypovolemic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-To
restore circulating volume and improve perfusion.
What is shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock is the failure to perfuse
tissues, leading to anaerobic metabolism, rising lactate levels, and organ
failure.
What is the first organ to fail in shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oxygen
delivery fails, affecting the airway, ventilation, hemoglobin, and cardiac
output.
What are the stages of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Initial, Compensatory,
Progressive, and Refractory (irreversible).
, What happens during the Initial stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Cells switch to anaerobic metabolism, and lactate begins to rise, but vital
signs may still appear normal.
What are classic signs of the Compensatory stage of shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Tachycardia, tachypnea, cool clammy skin, anxiety, and
decreased urine output.
What occurs during the Progressive stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Compensation fails, leading to hypotension, worsening mental status,
metabolic acidosis, oliguria, and rising lactate.
What characterizes the Refractory stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Severe hypotension, bradycardia, anuria, and multi-organ failure, often
fatal.
Newest 2026 Questions and Correct Detailed
Answers Already Graded A+
What is distributive shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock caused by
vasodilation leading to relative hypovolemia, including septic, anaphylactic,
and neurogenic shock.
What characterizes septic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Vasodilation,
capillary leak, and microthrombi leading to maldistribution of blood.
What are the priorities in treating septic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Oxygen, cultures, broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluids, and vasopressors if
MAP remains <65 after fluids.
What is obstructive shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock caused by
physical obstruction preventing heart filling or pumping.
,What is Beck's triad? - CORRECT ANSWER-A clinical sign of cardiac
tamponade characterized by muffled heart sounds, JVD, and hypotension.
What are universal nursing priorities in shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Airway and oxygen, monitoring, rapid assessment, IV access, labs, and
fluids/blood/pressors.
What is the significance of altered mental status in shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-It indicates worsening perfusion and is a critical assessment cue.
What are common exam traps related to shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Choosing labs/IVs before airway/oxygen, underestimating lactate
significance, and misinterpreting normal BP as no shock.
What teaching should be provided for patients at risk of shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Recognize signs of shock, when to seek emergency care, and
the importance of hydration and infection prevention.
,What is the first action to take in a shock situation? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Ensure airway and provide oxygen.
What is the role of fluids in hypovolemic shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-To
restore circulating volume and improve perfusion.
What is shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Shock is the failure to perfuse
tissues, leading to anaerobic metabolism, rising lactate levels, and organ
failure.
What is the first organ to fail in shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Oxygen
delivery fails, affecting the airway, ventilation, hemoglobin, and cardiac
output.
What are the stages of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-Initial, Compensatory,
Progressive, and Refractory (irreversible).
, What happens during the Initial stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Cells switch to anaerobic metabolism, and lactate begins to rise, but vital
signs may still appear normal.
What are classic signs of the Compensatory stage of shock? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Tachycardia, tachypnea, cool clammy skin, anxiety, and
decreased urine output.
What occurs during the Progressive stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Compensation fails, leading to hypotension, worsening mental status,
metabolic acidosis, oliguria, and rising lactate.
What characterizes the Refractory stage of shock? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Severe hypotension, bradycardia, anuria, and multi-organ failure, often
fatal.
