NHI SAFETY INSPECTION OF IN-SERVICE BRIDGES
FINAL EXAM
Streamflow - ANS...... -water, suspended sediment, and any debris moving
through the channel
Flood plain - ANS...... -overbank area outside of the channel, which is available to
pass flood flows
Normal stage - ANS...... -streamflow stage prevailing during the greater part of the
year
River training structures - ANS...... -alter flow of the river
Spurs - ANS...... -linear structures designed with properly sized and placed rocks
which protect the stream bank by reducing the flow velocity
Guide banks - ANS...... -dikes which extend upstream from the approach
embankment at either or not sides of the bridge opening to direct flow through
the opening
Armoring countermeasures - ANS...... -resist erosive forces caused by the flow,
but tend not to alter the flow significantly
Riprap - ANS...... -layers or facing of properly sized and graded rock or broken
concrete placed or dumped to protect an abutment, pier, or embankment from
erosion
,Gabions - ANS...... -rectangular rock or cobble filled wire mesh baskets anchored
together to the surface they are protecting
Slope protection - ANS...... -geotextiles, wire mesh, riprap, paving, intended to
protect the slope from erosion, slipping, or to withstand external hydraulic
pressure
Channel lining - ANS...... -rigid concrete pavement or flexible protective mats
placed on bottom of streambed
Footing apron - ANS...... -consists of protective layers of material surrounding the
fooding of the substructure unit
Clacking - ANS...... -the sound of delaminated concrete
Pinging - ANS...... -the sound of "sound" concrete
Where are shear key joints? - ANS...... -between pre-cast deck panels
Where can you find anchorage zones? - ANS...... -precast deck tie rods
Flexure cracks are primarily what direction compared to the primary
reinforcement? - ANS...... -perpendicular
Main inspection area for FRP bridges? - ANS...... -Joints
, Assembly joint without seal- sliding plate - ANS...... -two steel plates sliding on top
of one another with maximum movement of 4 inches
Compression joint seal - ANS...... -rectangle of neoprene with a honeycomb cross
section. Can handle movement of 2 inches
Pourable joint seal - ANS...... -made of three materials (backing material, joint
filler, and a poured joint sealant) and can only accommodate movement of 1/4
inch. Used on short spans
Strip seal expansion joint - ANS...... -two slotted steel anchorages cast into a deck
or back wall. A neoprene seal fits into the grooves to span the joint. max
movement of 4 inches
Cellular joint seal - ANS...... -different than compression because of material used
to close joint. Made up of closed-cell foam that allows the joint to move in
different directions. Allows for both parallel and perpendicular joint movement
Assembly joint with seal- plank - ANS...... -steel reinforced neoprene that supports
vehicular loads over the joint and allow for movement up to 4 inches
Assembly joint with seal- sheet - ANS...... -Two blocks of steel reinforced
neoprene. Thin sheet of neoprene spans the joint and connects the two blocks.
Allows for up to 4 inches
FINAL EXAM
Streamflow - ANS...... -water, suspended sediment, and any debris moving
through the channel
Flood plain - ANS...... -overbank area outside of the channel, which is available to
pass flood flows
Normal stage - ANS...... -streamflow stage prevailing during the greater part of the
year
River training structures - ANS...... -alter flow of the river
Spurs - ANS...... -linear structures designed with properly sized and placed rocks
which protect the stream bank by reducing the flow velocity
Guide banks - ANS...... -dikes which extend upstream from the approach
embankment at either or not sides of the bridge opening to direct flow through
the opening
Armoring countermeasures - ANS...... -resist erosive forces caused by the flow,
but tend not to alter the flow significantly
Riprap - ANS...... -layers or facing of properly sized and graded rock or broken
concrete placed or dumped to protect an abutment, pier, or embankment from
erosion
,Gabions - ANS...... -rectangular rock or cobble filled wire mesh baskets anchored
together to the surface they are protecting
Slope protection - ANS...... -geotextiles, wire mesh, riprap, paving, intended to
protect the slope from erosion, slipping, or to withstand external hydraulic
pressure
Channel lining - ANS...... -rigid concrete pavement or flexible protective mats
placed on bottom of streambed
Footing apron - ANS...... -consists of protective layers of material surrounding the
fooding of the substructure unit
Clacking - ANS...... -the sound of delaminated concrete
Pinging - ANS...... -the sound of "sound" concrete
Where are shear key joints? - ANS...... -between pre-cast deck panels
Where can you find anchorage zones? - ANS...... -precast deck tie rods
Flexure cracks are primarily what direction compared to the primary
reinforcement? - ANS...... -perpendicular
Main inspection area for FRP bridges? - ANS...... -Joints
, Assembly joint without seal- sliding plate - ANS...... -two steel plates sliding on top
of one another with maximum movement of 4 inches
Compression joint seal - ANS...... -rectangle of neoprene with a honeycomb cross
section. Can handle movement of 2 inches
Pourable joint seal - ANS...... -made of three materials (backing material, joint
filler, and a poured joint sealant) and can only accommodate movement of 1/4
inch. Used on short spans
Strip seal expansion joint - ANS...... -two slotted steel anchorages cast into a deck
or back wall. A neoprene seal fits into the grooves to span the joint. max
movement of 4 inches
Cellular joint seal - ANS...... -different than compression because of material used
to close joint. Made up of closed-cell foam that allows the joint to move in
different directions. Allows for both parallel and perpendicular joint movement
Assembly joint with seal- plank - ANS...... -steel reinforced neoprene that supports
vehicular loads over the joint and allow for movement up to 4 inches
Assembly joint with seal- sheet - ANS...... -Two blocks of steel reinforced
neoprene. Thin sheet of neoprene spans the joint and connects the two blocks.
Allows for up to 4 inches
